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  They Came Before Columbus - The...

  Ivan Van Sertima

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  They Came Before Columbus by Ivan Van Sertima is a groundbreaking and dramatic reexamination of world history that challenges long-held assumptions about who first reached the Americas. 
  Drawing on archaeology, anthropology, linguistics, historical records, and oral traditions, Van Sertima builds a powerful body of evidence showing that African civilizations crossed the Atlantic centuries before Columbus. He examines advanced African navigation and shipbuilding, striking cultural parallels between Africans and Native Americans, the transoceanic exchange of plants, animals, and textiles, and firsthand accounts preserved in diaries and journals of early explorers. Together, these elements form a compelling case for an African presence and influence in the ancient New World. 
  Blending rigorous scholarship with a storyteller’s voice, Van Sertima vividly re-creates some of the most extraordinary moments of human exploration, including the launch of the great Malian fleets in the early 14th century and the legendary sea voyages of West African kings. Through these narratives, listeners encounter the unmistakable imprint of African knowledge, skill, and culture on pre-Columbian American civilizations. 
  Provocative, meticulously researched, and deeply engaging, They Came Before Columbus is essential listening for anyone interested in history, African studies, archaeology, or the untold stories that reshape our understanding of the global past. This audiobook challenges conventional narratives and invites listeners to rediscover history through a richer, more expansive view of the human past.

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  V-2 Rocket The: The...

  Charles River Editors

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  The Germans laid the groundwork for the era of ballistic missiles to follow with the “Vengeance Weapons” program. The advent of relatively advanced liquid and solid fuels for rocket weapons made them viable again after a period during which rifled artillery overshadowed them. An additional factor creating German interest in military rockets came from their complete omission among the restrictions placed on Germany's army by the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I. This major loophole led the Germans to hope improved rocketry could replace artillery, which the Treaty nearly banned.  
  To counter the V-weapons, the Allies implemented Operation Crossbow, which aimed to find ways to stop or at least reduce the number of V-weapons reaching their targets, and to reassure the population of Allied nations that these terrifying new weapons could be understood and overcome. The importance of Operation Crossbow was high enough that, despite being involved in massive military operations in Sicily and preparing for the Normandy landings, the Allies diverted manpower and resources to counter the V-weapon threat. This decision was made at the highest level, and those in charge were determined to ensure that Operation Crossbow would not fail. 
  All of the Allies recognized the immense strategic value of these technologies and wished to secure their benefits for themselves. As the Soviets contemplated additional expansion following the “Great Patriotic War” and the U.S. military came to understand the putative allies of today would emerge as the enemies of tomorrow, the men possessing knowledge of the V-2 rockets and other Third Reich military technology programs became seen as crucial pieces in the incipient standoff between the two new superpowers.

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  Rangers Scouts and Raiders -...

  Michael F. Dilley

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  Throughout history there has always been a need, in military forces, for special units. In the past, these units have usually been ad hoc formations that were disbanded after their mission was complete. It has only been since the early 1950s that such units have remained active, but even in recent times special purpose, special mission units have been organized and used for a period of time or for a specific mission and then either deactivated or replaced by other units. 
   
   
   
  This unique approach to the history of American special forces examines their development through a number of operations, ranging from the French and Indian War in the eighteenth century through to the Vietnam War. From the Son Tay raid to the Force at la Difensa and Rogers' Rangers, the operations are diverse in both organization and purpose, but all contributed to the overall mission of their theater or larger organization, thus proving the continuing need for special units throughout history and even today.

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  Oregon Trail and the Appalachian...

  Editors Charles River

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  The westward movement of Americans in the 19th century was one of the largest and most consequential migrations in history, and among the paths that blazed west, the most well-known is the Oregon Trail, which was not a single trail but a network of paths that began at one of four “jumping off” points. The eastern section of the Oregon Trail, which followed the Missouri River through Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming, was shared by people traveling along the California, Bozeman, and Mormon Trails. These trails branched off at various points, and the California Trail diverged from the Oregon Trail at Fort Hall in southern Idaho. From there, the Oregon Trail moved northward, along the Snake River, then through the Blue Mountains to Fort Walla Walla. From there, travelers would cross the prairie before reaching the Methodist mission at The Dalles, which roughly marked the end of the Trail. 	As many who used the Oregon Trail described in memoirs, the West represented opportunities for adventure, independence, and fortune, and fittingly, the ever popular game named after the Oregon Trail captures that mentality and spirit by requiring players to safely move a party west to the end of the trail. 
  	The most iconic of the major American pathways is the Appalachian Trail, which completes the “triple crown” of the national hiking experience. Covering a range from central Maine to Georgia at a distance of 2,193 miles, it is the longest of the three, following the crest of the Alleghenies and Blue Ridge Mountains through 14 states. All in all, it encompasses 465,000 feet in elevation and hosts three million visitors each year for at least a part of the total distance. On an annual basis, approximately 4,000 hikers begin a south to north trek beginning at Springer Mountain, Georgia, with the goal of hiking all the way to Maine. The northerly direction is greatly preferred because of the weather.

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  Democracy in America Vol I

  Alexis De Tocqueville

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  When Tocqueville visited America in the 1830s he found a thriving democracy of a kind he had not seen anywhere else. Many of his insightful observations American society and political system, found in the two volume book he published after his visit, still remain surprisingly relevant today. (Summary by the Bookworm)

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  Emergency

  Neil Strauss

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  Terrorist attacks. Natural disasters. Domestic crackdowns. Economic collapse. Riots. Wars. Disease. Starvation.  
  What can you do when it all hits the fan?  
  You can learn to be self-sufficient and survive without the system.  
  ""I've started to look at the world through apocalypse eyes."" So begins Neil Strauss's harrowing new book: his first full-length work since the international bestseller The Game, and one of the most original-and provocative-narratives of the year.  
  After the last few years of violence and terror, of ethnic and religious hatred, of tsunamis and hurricanes–and now of world financial meltdown–Strauss, like most of his generation, came to the sobering realization that, even in America, anything can happen. But rather than watch helplessly, he decided to do something about it. And so he spent three years traveling through a country that's lost its sense of safety, equipping himself with the tools necessary to save himself and his loved ones from an uncertain future.  
  With the same quick wit and eye for cultural trends that marked The Game, The Dirt, and How to Make Love Like a Porn Star, Emergency traces Neil's white-knuckled journey through today's heart of darkness, as he sets out to move his life offshore, test his skills in the wild, and remake himself as a gun-toting, plane-flying, government-defying survivor. It's a tale of paranoid fantasies and crippling doubts, of shady lawyers and dangerous cult leaders, of billionaire gun nuts and survivalist superheroes, of weirdos, heroes, and ordinary citizens going off the grid.  
  It's one man's story of a dangerous world–and how to stay alive in it.  
  Before the next disaster strikes, you're going to want to read this book. And you'll want to do everything it suggests. Because tomorrow doesn't come with a guarantee...

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