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  The History of England Volume 4...

  David Hume

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  In Volume 4, Hume closes his account of ‘England Under the House of Tudor’ begun in Volume 3, and devotes it entirely to the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. It was not really expected that she would survive to accede to the monarchy; and it was certainly unexpected that she would rule for so long (1558-1603) while steadfastly declining to take a husband. All in all, her reign was a remarkable achievement. 
  Elizabeth had so much to contend with over the years. From the start, she had to oversee the reinstatement of the Protestant religion after the tumultuous reign of her sister, Mary. Then came the testing matter of Mary, Queen of Scots which dragged on for decades.  
  There were also numerous Catholic conspiracies (many threats to her personally), requiring close attention by her protective spymaster ministers William Cecil and Francis Walsingham.  
  Then there were the complex relationships with other leading European powers, France and Spain, culminating in the spectacular climax in 1588 when Sir Francis Drake (and the weather) routed the Spanish Armada. 
  Hume does not approach Elizabeth and her reign with the ‘unbounded panegyrics’ so often adopted by historians before him. He criticises them for ‘having been so extremely ignorant of the transactions of this reign as to extol her for a quality which, of all others, she was the least possessed of – a tender regard for the constitution, and a concern for the liberties and privileges of her people.’ This, Hume insists, was not quite Elizabeth. 
  Despite acknowledging her popularity, Hume is at pains in his History to present a more rounded portrait. ‘The prerogatives of this princess were scarcely ever disputed, and she therefore employed them without scruple: Her imperious temper, a circumstance in which she went far beyond her successors, rendered her exertions of power violent and frequent, and discovered the full extent of her authority.  
  However, he continues, ‘the great popularity, which she enjoyed proves that she did not infringe any established liberties of the people’. 
  In Volume 4, Hume shows himself to be a historian of character and clarity, but also demonstrates his scholarly integrity. In the controversial issue of the guilt or innocence of Mary, for example, he went back to original documents to support his opinion. This is why his History of England remains an informative and stimulating account in the 21st century.

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  On Life After Death

  Carl Jung

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  C. G. Jung, (Carl Gustav Jung) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist who founded analytical psychology. Jung proposed and developed the concepts of extraversion and introversion archetypes, as well as the collective unconscious. His work has been influential in psychiatry and in the study of religion, philosophy, archeology, anthropology, literature, and related fields. He was a prolific writer, many of whose works were not published until after his death. 
  The central concept of analytical psychology is individuation—the psychological process of integrating the opposites, including the conscious with the unconscious, while still maintaining their relative autonomy. Jung considered individuation to be the central process of human development. 
  Jung created some of the best known psychological concepts, including the archetype, the collective unconscious, the complex, and synchronicity. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a popular psychometric instrument, has been developed from Jung's theory of psychological types. 
  Though he was a practising clinician and considered himself to be a scientist, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas such as Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts. Jung's interest in philosophy and the occult led many to view him as a mystic, although his ambition was to be seen as a man of science. His influence on popular psychology, the psychologization of religion, spirituality, and the New Age movement has been immense.

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  The Outward Path - The Wisdom of...

  Sebastian Purcell

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  A practical and eye-opening guide to the Aztec philosophy on how to live. 
   
   
   
  The Outward Path refers to the central insight that our true desire as human beings is not really for "happiness," a fleeting mood. What we really want is a rich and worthwhile life, which we can only achieve by pursuing an outward path of engagement with other people. Wisdom is not a matter of "thinking for oneself," but comes through deliberating well in concert with others. Stoic and Buddhist philosophies will teach you to still your mind to address the outside world; but according to the Aztecs, we should cultivate healthy relationships first and then use those to forge a path forward. This "outward path" offers an alternative to the presumptions of our highly individualistic, competitive Western culture, with its epidemic of loneliness and other social ills. 
   
   
   
  Aztec self-help for the modern world, this is the first book in any modern language to present the core ethical principles of the Aztecs. It provides us with surprising insights about how to address concerns common to everyone, from how to make a good decision or strengthen your willpower, to how to sustain love and survive tragedy. Structured around twelve lessons and seven exercises, it's an ethical workout routine designed to help you become a better person—one more deeply rooted and fulfilled.

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  Alan Turing - The Famous...

  Kelly Mass

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  Alan Mathison Turing was a mathematician, computer system researcher, scholar, cryptanalyst, thinker, and theoretical biologist from the U.K. With the Turing device, which can be considered a design of a general-purpose computer system, Turing had a substantial influence on the development of theoretical computer technology, offering a formalization of the ideas of algorithm and calculation. Turing is considered the creator of theoretical computer technology and AI. 
  Turing was born in Maida Vale, London, and raised in the south of England. He earned a mathematics degree from King's College, Cambridge. He released a presentation suggesting that some simple math-- no questions can never ever be replied by computer system while a fellow at Cambridge, built a Turing device, and went on to reason that the Turing device's stopping issue is undecidable. 
  He got his PhD from Princeton University's Department of Mathematics in 1938. Turing worked for the Federal government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking center where Ultra intelligence was developed, throughout WWII. He led Hut 8, the area in charge of German navy cryptanalysis, for a time. Here, he developed some methods for breaking German ciphers quicker, including but not limited to adjustments to the pre-war Polish bombe gadget, an electromechanical system that could recognize Enigma device settings. 
  Turing contributed to analyzing obstructed coded signals that permitted the Allies to beat the Axis powers in some crucial fights, including but not limited to the Battle of the Atlantic. 
  A movie has been made about him, called the “Imitation Game.” Let’s find out the real truth that doesn’t become obvious through this Hollywood production, the background of this conflicted but powerful genius.

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  Jena 1800 - The Republic of Free...

  Peter Neumann

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  Around the turn of the nineteenth century, a steady stream of young German poets and thinkers coursed to the town of Jena to make history. The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars had dealt a one-two punch to the dynastic system. Confidence in traditional social, political, and religious norms had been replaced by a profound uncertainty that was as terrifying for some as it was exhilarating for others. Nowhere was the excitement more palpable than among the extraordinary group of poets, philosophers, translators, and socialites who gathered in this Thuringian village. 
   
   
   
  Jena became the place for the young and intellectually curious, the site of a new departure, of philosophical disruption. Influenced by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, then an elder statesman and artistic eminence, the leading figures among the disruptors—the translator August Wilhelm Schlegel; the philosophers Friedrich "Fritz" Schlegel and Friedrich Schelling; the dazzling, controversial intellectual Caroline Schlegel, married to August; Dorothea Schlegel, a poet and translator, married to Fritz; and the poets Ludwig Tieck and Novalis—resolved to rethink the world, to establish a republic of free spirits. They didn't just question inherited societal traditions; with their provocative views of the individual and of nature, they revolutionized our understanding of freedom and reality.

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  How to Speak KDRAMA - Cracking...

  Jungho Park

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  Ever watch a K-drama and feel like you're missing the real story? 
  You see the characters laugh and cry, but you know there's a deeper cultural meaning that subtitles just can't translate. Why do they eat seaweed soup on their birthday? What exactly is the "something" stage of dating, or sseom? And what are the unwritten rules of the green soju bottle that everyone seems to know? 
  This audiobook is your secret decoder. 
  Forget the boring textbooks. How to Speak K-DRAMA is a witty, stylish, and super-accessible cultural guide for the modern K-drama fan. Narrated by your new Korean best friend, Dami, this isn't a lecture—it's a fun, fascinating chat that turns your "Wait, what just happened?" moments into "Aha! Now I get it!" moments. 
  Inside, you will decode:The Social Code: Master the art of sseom (the "something" stage) and mildang (the push-pull game).The Life Code: Uncover the real meaning behind birthday seaweed soup, moving-day jjajangmyeon, and the ever-present sheet mask ritual.The Drinking Code: Learn the complex etiquette of the soju bottle—the two-handed pour, the head turn, and the empty glass rule.The Class Code: Understand the "Spoon Class System" (geumsujeo vs. heuksujeo) and how it fuels the plot of your favorite romances. 
  Each chapter gives you a "Decoder's Playbook" for real-life situations and "Level-Up Vocabulary" to sound like a pro. 
  Stop just watching K-dramas. It's time to truly speak them. 
  Download the audiobook that will take your next K-drama binge-watch to a whole new level.

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