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  Carolingians and the Moors The:...

  Charles River Editors

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  While the Moors have always been associated with Spain due to their lengthy stay on the Iberian Peninsula, the most famous battle they were involved in was actually fought in modern France. While the Franks were consolidating a kingdom there, Muslim forces were pushing out of North Africa and into the Iberian Peninsula in the early 8th century, and by the dawn of the 730s, the Umayyad dynasty had expanded its territory from the Atlantic to the Pyrenees, a series of seasonally snow-capped mountains in Europe that forms a border between the nations of Spain and France. This would lead to Charles Martel’s most famous military victory came at the Battle of Tours, also called the Battle of Poitiers, on October 10, 732. At this battle, a united Frankish force decisively defeated the invading Umayyad Caliphate, making it one of the most important in all the Middle Ages for stemming the advancement of the Islamic forces in Europe. 
  	Charles Martel was the forefather of the Carolingian dynasty, which carved out a major empire in Europe from 750-887, ushered in an important period in the Early Middle Ages. The Carolingians were in their time seen as the successors of ancient Rome in the West, and while they sought to reestablish the glory of antiquity, they’re remembered today for effectively founding the states that would become France and Germany. 	The Carolingians are also credited with creating the first Renaissance, the Carolingian Renaissance, centuries before the Italian Renaissance. Many of the great Latin classics survive today because of copies made during this period. In addition, the revisions made to written script at this time made texts easier to read, so much so that most of those changes remain in the modern system of writing. 

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  ANGER MANAGEMENT FOR KIDS 5-8 -...

  Rachel Jones

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  Having children is joyful, and parents are naturally programmed to raise them to be well-rounded individuals that are fully equipped to face the world, right? This may be the case on another planet, but here on Earth, we all know differently! Parents are suddenly expected to know how to teach their beloved children how to cope with a maelstrom of emotions that are completely alien to them and have reactions that suit the rest of the planet. 
  The pressure on parents is intense, and they often struggle to ask for help. And that is why we have books and online resources to help. Parenting is the most difficult job in the world so having help is essential. Don’t suffer alone. Use this book to help you navigate the treacherous waters of children’s emotions and emerge from the journey successfully.  
  Understanding how society affects your child is a major stepping stone to dealing with their anger. America and the modern world accept anger as a cultural state of emotion. Angry images are prevalent on television, in films and music, and even in children’s toys and video games. How is it possible to shield your child from these elements? It is impossible, but you can be vigilant about what they are exposed to and be ready to explain why they sometimes see confusing images. 
  Another important aspect of anger is the endorphins it releases into our system. They help us shield ourselves from those who would harm us emotionally and physically, and it feels like we become stronger and more confident in anger. Of course, we know this is just a fleeting sentiment and that these feelings wear off, but children can find the sensation appealing. 

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  Finding Ferrante - Authorship...

  Alessia Ricciardi

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  Elena Ferrante’s Neapolitan novels achieved stunning global success in part because of the mystery surrounding their pseudonymous author. English-speaking readers were tantalized by her enigmatic biography as well as what they took to be her authentic portrayal of working-class Naples. However, we now know that the person behind the writing is most likely Anita Raja, a prominent translator of German literature whose background is very different from Ferrante’s supposed life. 
  In Finding Ferrante, Alessia Ricciardi revisits questions about Ferrante’s identity to show how the problem of authorship is deeply intertwined with the novels’ literary ambition and politics. Going beyond the local and national cultures of Naples and Italy, Ricciardi reads Ferrante’s fiction as world literature, foregrounding Raja’s work as a translator. She examines the novels’ engagement with German literature and criticism, particularly Goethe, Walter Benjamin, and Christa Wolf, while also tracing the influence of Italian thinkers such as Antonio Gramsci, Carla Lonzi, and the Milan Women’s Bookstore Collective. Considering central questions of sexuality, work, politics, and place, Ricciardi demonstrates how intertextual resonances reshape our understanding of Lila and Elena, the protagonists of the Neapolitan Quartet, as well as the characters and language of Ferrante’s other books. 
  This bold reconsideration of one of today’s most acclaimed authors reveals Ferrante’s works as fiercely intellectual, showing their deep concern with feminist and cultural politics and the ethical and political stakes of literature.

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  James Oglethorpe Father of...

  Michael L. Thurmond, James F....

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  Founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12, 1733, the Georgia colony was envisioned as a unique social welfare experiment. Administered by twenty-one original trustees, the Georgia Plan offered England's "worthy poor" and persecuted Christians an opportunity to achieve financial security in the New World by exporting goods produced on small farms. Most significantly, Oglethorpe and his fellow Trustees were convinced that economic vitality could not be achieved through the exploitation of enslaved Black laborers. 
   
   
   
  James Oglethorpe, Father of Georgia uncovers how Oglethorpe's philosophical and moral evolution from slave trader to abolitionist was propelled by his intellectual relationships with two formerly enslaved Black men. Oglethorpe's unique "friendships" with Ayuba Suleiman Diallo and Olaudah Equiano, two of eighteenth-century England's most influential Black men, are little-known examples of interracial antislavery activism that breathed life into the formal abolitionist movement. 
   
   
   
  Utilizing more than two decades of meticulous research, fresh historical analysis, and compelling storytelling, Michael L. Thurmond rewrites the prehistory of abolitionism and adds an important new chapter to Georgia's origin story.

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  To Her Credit - Historic...

  Kaitlin Culmo, Emily McDermott

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  You may think you know the stories behind the world's most well-known, groundbreaking achievements, but To Her Credit is here to make you reevaluate our collective story. This book celebrates the stories of women, from ancient times until the 1990s, whose contributions have been overwritten and accredited to men. 
   
   
   
  The pattern of female achievements being stolen, overwritten, or straight-up ignored is as old as time. Authors Kaitlin Culmo and Emily McDermott reclaim the work of these heroines and offer reminders of what we lose when we don't question history as it has been written. 
   
   
   
  ● We're often told that Cervantes "invented fiction" with the novel Don Quixote in seventeenth-century Europe, but what about Lady Murasaki's The Tale of Genji in eleventh-century Japan? 
   
   
   
  ● Elvis Presley is considered "The King" and the inventor of rock and roll music. But what about Sister Rosetta Tharpe, who was the first to engineer the rock and roll sound, or Big Mama Thornton, for whom the song "Hound Dog" was explicitly written? 
   
   
    
  It's time to talk about the thousands of years' worth of art, inventions, innovations, and world-changing achievements made by women that have been ascribed to men.

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  Sirius the Star of the Maltese...

  Lenie Reedijk

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  Sirius, the Star of the Maltese Temples invites the reader to look at the megalithic temples of Malta in an entirely new way. The discovery of the temples’ orientation to Sirius explains with mathematical precision the slight shift in the direction of their axes, caused by the movement of the stars called the Precession of the Equinoxes. The resultant astronomical dating of the temples to the Mesolithic, the period immediately after the last Ice Age, is far older than mainstream archaeology maintains and is on a par with other megalithic sites elsewhere, including Göbekli Tepe in Turkey. These findings turn on its head our conception of the accomplishments of ancient people. Instead of being just primitive cave-dwellers, they were primeval astronomers, whose interest in the sky has left us a legacy we never dreamt existed. 
  From the Foreword by Giovanni Bonello: “This is a disturbing book. The author defines its contents as controversial and its conclusions as surprising. I judge it to be far, but far, more than that. It is disruptive of accepted wisdom and unsettles all we believe we knew of the origin of man in Malta, of the sequences of early civilization and the histories of prehistory – not in Malta alone, but throughout the whole of Europe. I started reading it in awe, at first with a deliberate effort at disbelief. By the time I was approaching the climax of the exposition, I ended as mesmerized as I was perplexed.” 
  (Giovanni Bonello is a human rights lawyer and judge who served at the European Court of Human Rights for 12 years)

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