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  Modernization of American Guns...

  Charles River Editors

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  The Industrial Revolution that unfolded in Western societies at the dawn of the 19th century altered daily life as a rapidly developing paradigm. One historian suggests that in Europe and America, the highest known form of technology was the pipe organ before the rise of factories, steam drive combustion, and railway and communication breakthroughs built upon the mastery of electricity and transformed the standard processes of society. Such a rapid alteration of the prevailing world seemingly took place in a historical instant that propelled technology all the way to the age of powered flight.  
  	No less affected were the technological accomplishments that cast their influence over the wars so rampant in Europe through the past centuries. Military weapons benefited from various upgrades and innovations, even as the soldiers and generals remained confined within Napoleonic tactics while struggling to learn about the new principles of physics and engineering. 
  	For Americans who were recently embroiled in the Revolution and were obsessed with ownership and development of the West, the search for a major shift in military weaponry was the same. Whatever the refinements, the state of national arms lay within the confines of single-shot firearms and lumbering artillery pieces, and with no standardization in the building of portable arms, reliability was forever a battle liability. While America continued to fight multiple enemies, including Europeans, Mexicans, and indigenous natives intent on preserving their lands, other military tides were on the rise. The Chinese, inventors of gunpowder, spread through Asia, and the Ottoman Empire reached the gates of Vienna. In subsequent years, non-Western powers such as India began to hold their own against would be occupiers. Established and emerging powers around the world craved a technological advantage as the globe began to obtain parity. 

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  New Thought Terms and Their...

  Ernest Holmes

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  Ernest Holmes's Metaphysical Dictionary with New Thought Terms and Their Meanings

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  Transcendentalism - The Greatest...

  Hector Davidson

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  Transcendentalism is a philosophical and literary movement that emerged in the early 19th century in America, primarily associated with thinkers like Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margaret Fuller. It developed as a reaction to the industrial revolution, the growing materialism of society, and the influence of traditional European intellectual thought. Transcendentalism posited that knowledge transcends the senses and that reality can be understood through intuition and spiritual insight rather than empirical observation alone. This belief is rooted in the idea that each individual has access to divine truths through personal experience and direct communion with nature. 
  At its core, Transcendentalism emphasizes the importance of the individual and the power of self-reliance. It encourages a connection to nature as a means of finding spiritual clarity and understanding. Nature, for the transcendentalists, was not simply a physical world to be studied but a living, divine entity that could guide personal growth and spiritual development. They argued that individuals should look within themselves and to nature for truth, rather than relying on societal conventions or religious institutions. 
  The roots of Transcendentalism are found in a variety of sources, including German idealism, Eastern philosophy, and the American Puritan tradition. However, it was through figures like Emerson, who published his seminal essay Nature in 1836, that the movement gained significant traction. Emerson’s ideas about self-reliance, individualism, and the divine presence in nature resonated with many Americans seeking an alternative to the rigid societal structures of the time.

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  Egyptian Science and Mathematics...

  Omar Khalil

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  Egyptian civilization, one of the oldest in human history, made extraordinary contributions to various fields of knowledge, particularly science and mathematics. These innovations, which spanned thousands of years, helped shape the development of ancient society and continue to influence modern science and mathematics. In ancient Egypt, knowledge was not merely a tool for survival but an integral part of their spiritual and practical lives. From monumental structures like the pyramids to advancements in medicine and astronomy, Egyptian science and mathematics were not just theoretical pursuits; they were embedded in the daily lives of the people and their understanding of the world around them. 
  The ancient Egyptians developed a deep understanding of the natural world, building complex systems of mathematics and science that were essential for both practical and religious purposes. The sciences of astronomy, engineering, and medicine, along with an elaborate system of mathematics, formed the backbone of their civilization. These scientific endeavors were often linked to the Egyptians' strong religious beliefs, which saw the cosmos, time, and the earth as interconnected and governed by divine forces. This understanding led to the creation of highly sophisticated technologies and systems, such as the construction of the pyramids, the development of early medicine, and the creation of accurate calendars for agricultural and religious purposes.

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  Vergil - The Poets Life

  Sarah Ruden

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  A biography of Vergil, Rome’s greatest poet, by the acclaimed translator of the Aeneid 
   
  The Aeneid stands as a towering work of Classical Roman literature and a gripping dramatization of the best and worst of human nature. In the process of creating this epic poem, Vergil (70–19 BCE) became the world’s first media celebrity, a living legend. 
   
  But the real Vergil is a shadowy figure; we know that he was born into a modest rural family, that he led a private and solitary life, and that, in spite of poor health and unusual emotional vulnerabilities, he worked tirelessly to achieve exquisite new effects in verse. Vergil’s most famous work, the Aeneid, was commissioned by the emperor Augustus, who published the epic despite Vergil’s dying wish that it be destroyed. 
   
  Sarah Ruden, widely praised for her translation of the Aeneid, uses evidence from Roman life and history alongside Vergil’s own writings to make careful deductions to reconstruct his life. Through her intimate knowledge of Vergil’s work, she brings to life a poet who was committed to creating something astonishingly new and memorable, even at great personal cost.

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  The Book of Eastbay - How Two...

  Art Juedes, Rick Gering

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  Unable to contain himself, Rick pitched Art: move back to Wausau and start a business selling shoes. Art said, "What are you, an idiot? Selling shoes? How is this even worth trying?" 
   
  This is the story of Eastbay, a startup tale unlike most you've heard. First it was $5,000 worth of track sneakers sold out of the back of an AMC Gremlin. Then it was a quiet storefront in Wausau, Wisconsin. Then it became a catalog, a bible to GenX kids growing up in the 1980s and '90s, a powerful tastemaker so authentic that pro athletes swore by it. Sneakerhead culture started here. 
   
  Eastbay was  a company ahead of its time that mastered mail-order selling before Amazon existed. That grew so fast and was so successful in the first athletic mail-order wholesale shoe business that Nike pulled its AIR products from the catalog. After five years, Nike decided to allow AIR products back into the Eastbay catalog and ultimately Eastbay partnered with Nike to produce several Nike catalogs. 
   
  Sneakers are a global obsession, and it all started here, where kids were encouraged to dream big, and dream often, which is just what the founders were doing all along. This is their story. This is The Book of Eastbay.

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