Outros livros que poderiam interessá-lo

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  Ottoman Sieges of Vienna The:...

  Editors Charles River

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  In the wake of taking Constantinople, the Ottoman Empire would spend the next few centuries expanding its size, power, and influence, bumping up against Eastern Europe and becoming one of the world’s most important geopolitical players. It would take repeated efforts by various European coalitions to prevent a complete Ottoman takeover of the continent, and one of the most important battles among those efforts took place at Vienna in 1529. At the time, the Ottomans were led by one of their most famous sultans, Suleiman the Magnificent, and different chroniclers have analyzed Suleiman's behavior in different ways. There is a plethora of opinions as to his motives for attempting the takeover of Vienna, a well-guarded city far away from his empire's center. Had he intended to conquer the whole of the Holy Roman Empire? Had he intended to strengthen his borders? Had he acted in accordance with King Francis I’s needs in the West? No matter the reason, Suleiman did not halt in his advances, despite the fact circumstances were not favorable for the Ottomans.  
  	The long conflict between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans would finally come to a head in 1683 outside the city of Vienna, the center of Habsburg power in central Europe. It would be no exaggeration to say that the fighting around Vienna represented one of the most important battles not only in the conflict between Islam and Christendom, but in the entire history of the world. If the Habsburgs had lost that battle, it is highly likely that Islamic civilization rather than Christian would dominate much of Europe.

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  The Sociology of Crime -...

  Fred Grandsen

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  Crime is not merely a legal category but a social construct shaped by historical, cultural, and political forces. What is considered criminal behavior varies across societies and time periods, reflecting changing moral values, power structures, and social interests. Understanding crime as a social construct allows us to analyze how laws are created, enforced, and challenged within different social contexts. 
  One of the key aspects of the social construction of crime is that laws are not neutral or universal. Instead, they are established by those in positions of power who determine what behaviors should be criminalized. For example, certain acts such as drug use, gambling, or even political protests have been criminalized in some societies while being tolerated or even encouraged in others. The legal system often reflects the interests of dominant groups, leading to selective enforcement of laws. Historically, vagrancy laws targeted the poor, while modern drug laws have disproportionately affected marginalized communities. 
  Crime is also shaped by cultural perceptions and media representations. The way crime is reported in the news and depicted in television shows or films influences public perceptions of who is considered criminal. For instance, street crime is often sensationalized, while corporate or white-collar crimes receive comparatively little attention, despite their significant social and economic impact. This selective framing reinforces stereotypes and can lead to policies that prioritize punishment for certain groups while overlooking more systemic forms of harm.

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  Strengthen Your Abilities & Live...

  Azhar ul Haque Sario

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  Strengthening abilities and living long require more than just physical health. Cognitive 
  Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can help by identifying negative thought patterns and behaviors 
  holding back from reaching full potential. CBT can reframe negative beliefs and develop a 
  more positive mindset. Developing effective coping strategies for managing stress can reduce 
  the risk of developing stress-related illnesses and improve overall quality of life. CBT can 
  help increase motivation and commitment by setting achievable goals and developing a plan 
  to reach them. By taking a holistic approach, individuals can improve their chances of living 
  a long and fulfilling life.

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  Start of the Crusades The: The...

  Charles River Editors

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  Though it went largely unremarked in the Islamic world at the time, the First Crusade has since become a contentious symbol of European imperialism in the Middle East. Debate over whether the Crusades can truly be perceived as an early example of European colonialism continues in medieval historiography, though the evidence for this is thin. The territory taken by the Franks from the Turks had previously belonged to Eastern Christians and had only recently been seized by the Turks themselves. The Crusader States were relatively small and weak, and they were reconquered centuries before modern European colonialism began. The Crusaders themselves saw it as a holy war of reclamation of previously lost (albeit almost-mythical) territory. To them, the Muslims were the first aggressors, and they were somewhat bolstered in this view by the support that they largely held from local Christians.   
  	The Crusader States were relatively small and weak, and while they tried to be a bulwark of Christianity in the Holy Land, the Crusader States were reconquered centuries before modern European colonialism began. Nonetheless, the Crusades and the Crusader States galvanized the Christians of Western Europe to expand their world. While it remains unclear how much that world expanded in practical terms such as trade, or how it affected later attitudes during the expansion to the New World and other regions, it definitely engaged the European mind in both positive and negative ways. As such, the crusades soon achieved near-mythic status in the European literature and remain among the most important events of the Middle Ages.  
  At the same time, the Crusader States were not one homogenized region but actually several distinct territories that had their own unique histories and interests. In fact, many of them were founded a century apart.

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  Masters of Mayhem - Lawrence of...

  James Stejskal

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  Striking where the enemy is weakest and melting away into the darkness before he can react. Never confronting a stronger force directly, but using audacity and surprise to confound and demoralize an opponent. Operations driven by good intelligence, area knowledge, mobility, speed, firepower, and detailed planning, and executed by a few specialists with indigenous warriors—this is unconventional warfare. 
   
   
   
  T. E. Lawrence was one of the earliest practitioners of modern unconventional warfare. His tactics and strategies were used by men like Mao and Giap in their wars of liberation. Both kept Lawrence's Seven Pillars of Wisdom close at hand. This book examines the creation of the "Hedgehog" force, looks at the formation of armored car sections and other units, and focuses on the Hejaz Operations Staff, the Allied officers and men who took Lawrence's idea and prosecuted it against the Ottoman Turkish army, assisting Field Marshal Allenby to achieve victory in 1918. 
   
   
   
  Stejskal concludes with an examination of how Hedgehog influenced special operations and unconventional warfare, including Field Marshal Wavell, the Long Range Desert Group, and David Stirling's SAS.

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  Make It Memorable: Secrets to...

  Orson Fairweather

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  Make It Memorable: Secrets to Successful Learning 
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  Updated for the latest learning techniques. 
  Key features of this enriched guide include: 
  - In-depth insights into proven learning strategies 
  - Comprehensive explanations of key concepts 
  - Effective tactics for mastering content and exam preparation 
  What sets our guide apart is its thorough approach, essential for your success. Concepts are explored in detail, ensuring a clear understanding. 
  Please note that this guide is an independent resource and is not connected to any official educational entity. 
  Crafted with a straightforward layout and easy-to-understand language, our guide makes transitions between topics seamless. Say goodbye to complicated jargon and embrace clear, precise, and accurate content. 
  So, why hold off? Click the BUY NOW button, grab your guide, and kickstart your journey to success today!

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