Join us on a literary world trip!
Add this book to bookshelf
Grey
Write a new comment Default profile 50px
Grey
Subscribe to read the full book or read the first pages for free!
I want to read the book!
All characters reduced
Introduction to Power System Protection - cover

Introduction to Power System Protection

Dr. Hidaia Mahmood Alassouli

Publisher: Dr. Hidaia Mahmood Alassouli

  • 0
  • 0
  • 0

Summary

Power system protection systems have three basic components: Instrument transformers, Relays, Circuit breakers
The function of the CT is to reproduce in its secondary winding a current I’ that is proportional to the primary current I. The CT converts primary currents in the kiloamp range to secondary currents in the 0–5 ampere range for convenience of measurement.

The function of the relay is to discriminate between normal operation and fault conditions. The OC relay in Figure 2 has an operating coil, which is connected to the CT secondary winding, and a set of contacts. When |I’| exceeds a specified ‘‘pickup’’ value, the operating coil causes the normally open contacts to close. When the relay contacts close, the trip coil of the circuit breaker is energized, which then causes the circuit breaker to open.

System-protection components have the following design criteria:

	Reliability: Operate dependably when fault conditions occur, even after remaining idle for months or years. Failure to do so may result in costly damages.
	Selectivity: Avoid unnecessary, false trips.
	Speed: Operate rapidly to minimize fault duration and equipment damage. Any intentional time delays should be precise.
	Economy: Provide maximum protection at minimum cost.
	Simplicity: Minimize protection equipment and circuitry.

Since it is impossible to satisfy all these criteria simultaneously, compromises must be made in system protection.
The book consists from the following sections:
1.  Chapter 1: Power System Faults:
2. Chapter 2: Instrument Transformers.
3. Chapter 3: Overcurrent and Earth Fault Protection Relays.
4. Chapter 4: Radial System Protection.
5. Chapter 5: Zones of Protection.
6. Chapter 6: Differential Relays.
7. Chapter 7: Distance Relays.
8. Chapter 8: Transformer Protection.
9. Chapter 9: Generator Protection.
10. Chapter 10: Busbar Protection.
11. Chapter 11: Circuit Breakers.
12. Chapter 12: Fuses.
13. Chapter 13: References.
 
Available since: 04/27/2022.
Print length: 145 pages.

Other books that might interest you

  • The Shocking Truth about Renewable Energy - cover

    The Shocking Truth about...

    Zoey Fraisers

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    For decades, renewable energy has been marketed as the ultimate solution to climate change, pollution, and our reliance on fossil fuels. Solar panels and wind turbines fill the landscape, promising a cleaner, greener future. Governments, corporations, and activists push the narrative that renewables are not only necessary but inevitable. Billions of dollars have been poured into the transition, with incentives and subsidies encouraging the mass adoption of so-called “clean energy.” On the surface, this movement appears to be a global success.  
  
Yet, beneath the optimistic rhetoric lies a far more complex and inconvenient truth. While renewable energy offers undeniable benefits, it also comes with significant drawbacks that are rarely discussed. Solar farms consume vast amounts of land, wind turbines disrupt ecosystems, and hydropower alters entire river systems, sometimes with devastating consequences. The environmental cost of producing, maintaining, and disposing of renewable energy infrastructure is frequently overlooked. Furthermore, the idea that renewables alone can sustain modern society is built on a foundation of wishful thinking rather than reality.  
  
One of the biggest challenges facing renewables is reliability. The sun doesn’t always shine, and the wind doesn’t always blow. Unlike fossil fuels, which provide a constant and controllable energy supply, renewables fluctuate unpredictably. This intermittency creates enormous challenges for electrical grids, often requiring backup from coal, natural gas, or nuclear power. Energy storage technology, such as batteries, is still far from capable of bridging this gap at the scale necessary. The result is an energy system that is fragile, expensive, and, in some cases, even more dependent on fossil fuels than before. 
    Show book
  • NVIDIA Stock - AI Boom - A Comprehensive Guide to Investing in NVIDIA Corporation and impact of AI boom on it - cover

    NVIDIA Stock - AI Boom - A...

    Investment Shots

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    Unlock the secrets of NVIDIA's AI boom and discover how to invest in this groundbreaking technology with our comprehensive guide. 
Learn how NVIDIA is revolutionizing industries and transforming the future of artificial intelligence. 
Discover the impact of AI on NVIDIA's stock performance and how to take advantage of this trend. 
Whether you're a seasoned investor or just starting out, this book provides essential insights and practical advice for navigating the exciting world of AI investing. 
Don't miss out on the opportunity to join the AI revolution with NVIDIA as your guide.
    Show book
  • Touchpad Plus Ver 40 Class 2 - cover

    Touchpad Plus Ver 40 Class 2

    Nidhi Gupta

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    Computer Science Textbook with New Pedagogical Approaches 

KEY FEATURES 
- National Education Policy 2020 
- Tech Funda: This section provides a practical information or tip to the students. 
- Clickipedia: This section provides interesting computer facts. 
- Lab Session: This is a lab activity to develop practical skills. (Subject Enrichment) 
- Explore More: This section contains supplement topics for add-on knowledge. 
- QR Code: Scan the QR Code given on the first page of each chapter to start chapter animation. 
- Mind Boggler: This section has puzzle or fun based activity to help understand the concepts better. 

DESCRIPTION 
Computer technology has become essential and an integral part of life at work, in recreation, social networking and education too. With the constant development of new technology, it has become more significant in helping and preparing students for jobs. Computers have revolutionised the way education is imparted to children. 

Touchpad Plus Version 4.0 is a complete computer science curriculum solution for grades 1-8. It is based on Windows 10 and MS Office 2019, with new and future-ready content. Fun is the most important element of learning. Keeping in mind the concept of Joyful Learning, varied activities have been designed based on multiple intelligences and 21st century skills for holistic development. 

The books have a conversational style introduction of each chapter to make learning fun and engaging. The topics and their approaches are integrated in different themes as per ICT learning. Grade I and II books have four-line writing space to enhance writing skills in children. Each book is accompanied by digital learning resources that offer interesting animation and interactive tests for the student to supplement classroom learning with independent learning. 

The books are curated in a way that they make students and teachers equal partners in the learning process and take learning beyond classroom. We welcome and look forward to all meaningful and valuable suggestions for improving the book 

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN 
You will learn about: 
- Digital World 
- Cyber World 
- Coding World 
- Computational Thinking 
- Artificial Intelligence 

WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR 
Grade 2 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 
1. More About a Computer 
2. Working of a Computer 
3. IPO Devices 
4. The Keyboard and the Mouse 
5. Introduction to Word 2019 
6. Let’s Learn Paint 
7. Reasoning and Analysis 
8. More on ScratchJr 
9. Artificial Intelligence Around Us 
ADD-ONS 
ASSESSMENTS
    Show book
  • My First Summer In The Sierra - cover

    My First Summer In The Sierra

    John Muir

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    In My First Summer in the Sierra, John Muir recounts his transformative journey through California’s Sierra Nevada in the summer of 1869. As a young Scottish-American naturalist, Muir joins a crew of shepherds driving a flock of sheep to the high mountain meadows. Through vivid and poetic descriptions, he captures the breathtaking landscapes, towering sequoias, rushing rivers, and vast granite peaks. 
Muir’s keen observations of the flora, fauna, and geology of the region, combined with his deep spiritual connection to nature, reflect his evolving philosophy of wilderness preservation. His journal entries, written with enthusiasm and reverence, reveal his profound love for the Sierra and his growing advocacy for protecting its beauty. 
This classic work, filled with wonder and awe, is a cornerstone of American nature writing and played a key role in inspiring the conservation movement and the creation of national parks. 
Cover Photo by gali: https://www.pexels.com/photo/trees-near-mountain-640907/
    Show book
  • Time Series Feature Engineering - Comprehensive Guide to Extracting Insights from Temporal Data - cover

    Time Series Feature Engineering...

    Simon Winston

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    This comprehensive guide is your key to unraveling the mysteries hidden within sequential data, whether you're navigating financial markets, predicting climate patterns, or optimizing business operations. 
From seasoned data scientists to curious beginners, this book provides a rich exploration of time series feature engineering, demystifying the complexities of temporal data analysis. Dive into the intricacies of identifying trends, capturing seasonality, and decoding the hidden patterns that define time-varying phenomena. With practical examples, hands-on exercises, and real-world applications, you'll gain the skills to transform raw temporal data into actionable insights. 
Discover the art of crafting meaningful features that empower your predictive models. Whether you're dealing with daily stock prices, hourly energy consumption, or monthly sales figures, "Temporal Insights" equips you with the knowledge to engineer features that resonate with the rhythm of your data. 
"Time Series Feature Engineering" is your compass through the dynamic landscape of time series feature engineering. Whether you're aiming to forecast stock prices, predict customer demand, or optimize resource allocation, this book empowers you to harness the temporal dimension of data and extract meaningful insights that stand the test of time. Elevate your data science journey with the indispensable skills offered in " Time Series Feature Engineering: Unveiling Patterns and Trends through Time Series Feature Engineering." 
 
    Show book
  • Brown Noise for Better Sleep - Gentle Low-Frequency Soundscapes to Calm the Mind Block Distractions and Promote Deep Restorative Rest - cover

    Brown Noise for Better Sleep -...

    The Brown Noise Studios

    • 0
    • 0
    • 0 
    Brown Noise for Better Sleep – 9 XXL Soundscapes for Deep, Restorative RestEscape the noise of the world and sink into the calming embrace of pure brown noise. Brown Noise for Better Sleep offers six extended, high-fidelity audio tracks specifically engineered to help you fall asleep faster, stay asleep longer, and wake up refreshed. Unlike white or pink noise, brown noise has a deeper, richer sound that mirrors the soothing tones of a distant waterfall, a low rumble of thunder, or the calming rustle of nature — ideal for masking disruptive sounds, quieting the mind, and supporting deep REM sleep.Each of the nine XXL tracks spans up to 180 minutes, giving you uninterrupted sound coverage throughout your bedtime routine, sleep cycles, or even work and meditation sessions. Whether you're dealing with insomnia, tinnitus, stress, or a racing mind, this collection is your sanctuary of sound.What's inside:• 9 premium-length tracks (70–180 minutes each)• High-resolution, studio-mastered brown noise• Designed to support sleep, focus, meditation & calm• Ideal for adults, children, travelers, and shift workersPlug in. Let go. Drift off.---Total running time: 20+ hours
    Show book