Editorial: Nahdet Misr
Join favorite Disney Princesses Cinderella, Ariel, Belle, Rapunzel, Snow White, and Jasmine, featuring six bedtime stories in one very special storybook. مع هذه المجموعة اللطيفة من قصص الأميرات ستستغرق الصغيرات في النوم مع أجمل الأحلام بنهايات القصص السعيدة إلى الأبد.
The Oyo Empire, one of the most powerful and influential states in West Africa, has a rich and complex history that spans centuries. Located in what is today southwestern Nigeria, the empire was a major force in the region, known for its military prowess, sophisticated political system, and extensive trade networks. The history of the Oyo Empire dates back to the 14th century, when it emerged as one of the leading Yoruba kingdoms in the area. Over time, Oyo became a dominant power in West Africa, shaping the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the region. At its height, the Oyo Empire controlled a vast territory stretching across modern-day Nigeria and parts of Benin and Togo. The empire was strategically positioned along important trade routes, allowing it to thrive economically and maintain strong ties with neighboring kingdoms. Its economy was based primarily on agriculture, with crops such as yams, millet, and sorghum being grown in abundance. Additionally, the Oyo people were involved in long-distance trade, exchanging goods like kola nuts, textiles, and metalwork with other African states and even European traders. Politically, the Oyo Empire was an advanced and well-organized state. The Alafin, the emperor of Oyo, was the supreme ruler and held significant authority over the empire. However, the Alafin did not rule alone. The Oyo Mesi, a council of chiefs, played a critical role in governance, advising the Alafin and ensuring the balance of power. This system of governance allowed the empire to remain stable for centuries, even as it faced external threats and internal challenges. The military was also a key component of the empire’s strength, with the Oyo army being one of the most formidable in West Africa. The empire’s military success was due in part to its highly disciplined forces, as well as the use of cavalry, which gave it a tactical advantage over its enemies.Ver libro
Of all the names that come to mind when thinking about a dictator. Very few names carry as much dread as that of Joseph Stalin. A cunning yet cruel and jealous man. Joseph Stalin etched his name on the history books not only for his actions during World War 2 but also his rise to power and his brutal treatment of any that opposed his reign.Ver libro
This one is a super FAP edition. Dont listen alone. So steamyVer libro
The Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE) emerged after the collapse of the short-lived Sui Dynasty, which had failed due to internal strife, heavy taxation, and forced labor projects that drained the empire’s resources. The fall of the Sui created a power vacuum, allowing various factions to vie for control. Amid this turmoil, Li Yuan, a former Sui general, led a successful rebellion and established the Tang Dynasty in 618 CE, taking the throne as Emperor Gaozu. His leadership set the foundation for one of China’s most influential and prosperous dynasties. Emperor Gaozu focused on stabilizing the empire by reforming the government, lowering excessive taxes, and restoring order to a nation weakened by years of misrule. However, his reign was relatively short-lived as his son, Li Shimin, proved to be a more capable leader. In 626 CE, Li Shimin forced his father to abdicate and took the throne as Emperor Taizong. His ascension marked the true consolidation of Tang power and the beginning of an era of expansion, reform, and cultural advancement. Under Emperor Taizong’s rule, the Tang Dynasty established a strong centralized government based on Confucian principles. He refined the imperial examination system, ensuring that officials were chosen based on merit rather than birthright. This system allowed for the creation of a competent and efficient bureaucracy, which would become a hallmark of Tang governance. Additionally, Taizong worked to solidify China’s borders by engaging in strategic military campaigns. His army pushed westward into Central Asia, securing control over key trade routes and strengthening the empire’s influence along the Silk Road. These military victories, combined with diplomatic relations with neighboring states, positioned the Tang Dynasty as a dominant force in East Asia.Ver libro
The music industry’s ongoing battle against digital piracy is just the latest skirmish in a long conflict over who has the right to distribute music. Starting with music publishers’ efforts to stamp out bootleg compilations of lyric sheets in 1929, Barry Kernfeld’s Pop Song Piracy details nearly a century of disobedient music distribution from song sheets to MP3s. In the 1940s and ’50s, Kernfeld reveals, song sheets were succeeded by fake books, unofficial volumes of melodies and lyrics for popular songs that were a key tool for musicians. Music publishers attempted to wipe out fake books, but after their efforts proved unsuccessful they published their own. Pop Song Piracy shows that this pattern of disobedience, prohibition, and assimilation recurred in each conflict over unauthorized music distribution, from European pirate radio stations to bootlegged live shows. Beneath this pattern, Kernfeld argues, there exists a complex give and take between distribution methods that merely copy existing songs (such as counterfeit CDs) and ones that transform songs into new products (such as file sharing). Ultimately, he contends, it was the music industry’s persistent lagging behind in creating innovative products that led to the very piracy it sought to eliminate.Ver libro
Urban renewal is a dynamic process aimed at rejuvenating and revitalizing urban areas that have fallen into disrepair or underutilization. It typically focuses on transforming old, decaying neighborhoods into vibrant, economically viable spaces. This concept, which has evolved over centuries, seeks to improve the quality of life for residents by addressing the physical, social, and economic issues within a community. Urban renewal is not just about physical transformation; it also serves as a tool to foster social and economic progress in cities. It represents a vision of growth and development, where cities evolve in response to changing needs, improving infrastructure, housing, and public amenities. The roots of urban renewal trace back to the early industrial revolution when cities began to experience rapid growth, creating overcrowded, unsanitary, and often unsafe living conditions. As populations swelled and cities expanded, poor housing, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental degradation became major issues. In response, urban planners and policymakers introduced initiatives aimed at reshaping cities. Early efforts to address these challenges were often driven by large-scale demolitions and redevelopment, aiming to modernize the urban landscape and provide more organized, planned environments. Urban renewal has, over time, become an essential strategy for tackling issues such as blight, poverty, and crime in urban areas. The mid-20th century saw the rise of large federal and municipal programs dedicated to rebuilding cities. These projects included the demolition of old buildings, the construction of new housing complexes, and the development of public spaces and infrastructure. However, these initiatives were often met with mixed results. While some neighborhoods flourished, others experienced the negative effects of gentrification, displacing long-standing residents and altering the community's fabric.Ver libro
