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  Sipahi The: The History and...

  Editors Charles River

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  Among those who were responsible for the projection of Ottoman power, few deserve as much credit as the Sipahi. Civilizations across the steppes and the Middle East relied heavily on cavalry, and the Sipahi were elite cavalry units during medieval times for a couple of powers. That said, they were a massive contributor to the success of Ottoman warfare, and during good times for the empire, the Sipahi were rewarded, to the extent that they became their own social class, much like the Janissaries. In fact, much the way the Janissaries became less effective over time as being one denoted social status, the Sipahi and Janissaries had class resentments among each other, one of the various cracks in the Ottoman Empire that would help bring about its decline.  
  	As a result, the Sipahi’s private lives in the Ottoman Empire were varied and complex, depending on their social status, wealth, education, and religion. Their homes were often luxuriously decorated, and they were usually portrayed as highly-educated and sophisticated people. The Sipahi frequently had several wives and concubines, and their houses were equipped to accommodate their many guests. They had harems, where they kept their concubines and slaves, and the maintenance of their harems was important for each Sipahi's reputation and status. Their wives and concubines were often confined to the harem, and they did not have much freedom, but in some cases, especially in wealthier families, the women were educated and had an active social life. Furthermore, the Sipahi were often involved in art, music, and writing poetry. They had castles and villas they used for parties and social events, and they were also known for organizing hunts and other sporting activities. Many of them were also highly educated and engaged in the sciences, such as mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy.

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  Karma - Finding Freedom in This...

  Dzigar Kongtrul, Pema Chödrön

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  Two Master Teachers Illuminate the Mysteries of KarmaOf the many Eastern wisdom teachings to have found their way westward, the notion of karma may be the most misunderstood—and most transformative. American-born teacher Pema Chödrön is renowned for making the wisdom of Tibetan Buddhism accessible, practical, and relevant for Westerners from all walks of life. But to bring us an understanding of the fundamental concept of karma, Ani Pema called on one of her own guides. On Karma, she is joined by Dzigar Kongtrül Rinpoche to present a two-part teaching session on this challenging subject.What is karma? Is it superstition? Do you have to believe in reincarnation to understand it? How do I get rid of “bad” karma? In a dialogue both illuminating and provocative, Pema and Kongtrül Rinpoche address the most common questions of Western students, discussing karma on the level of the individual, relationships, and the community and world at large. Session two then brings us an inspirational dharma talk with Dzigar Kongtrül Rinpoche, exploring the roots of positive and negative karma, how your “good heart” will shape this life and the next, service versus self-attachment, and much more.A mature view of karma empowers us to steer our lives through conscious choice rather than conditioned behaviors. Karma gives us a guiding light for living life at the level of cause, not effect, with responsibility and compassion.Course Objectives:  •  Discuss karma on the level of the individual, relationships, and the community and world at large  •  Examine the most common questions of Western students on the subject of karma such as, "What is karma?" Is it superstition?" "Do you have to believe in reincarnation to understand it?" and, "How do I get rid of 'bad' karma?"  •  Define Karma through exploring the roots of positive and negative karma, how your “good heart” will shape this life and the next, service versus self-attachment, and much more  •  Recognize how a mature view of karma empowers us to steer our lives through conscious choice rather than conditioned behaviors  •  Discuss how Karma gives us a guiding light for living life at the level of cause, not effect, with responsibility and compassion

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  Roman Astronomy and Astrology:...

  Charles River Editors

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  The development of Roman astronomy evolved over the centuries, embracing the ideas of many cultures as the Romans conquered much of the known world, soaking up knowledge from Asia, Europe, and Africa. Each civilization brought distinct traditions and scientific understanding, and Rome was a bridge, preserving and spreading the concepts and technologies of its conquered lands, including astronomy. For example, After Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon in 539 BCE, he appointed Chaldean astronomers to his Persian court and safeguarded the detailed Babylonian star charts. The skill of predicting eclipses using these historical charts and mathematics passed from the Persians to the Greeks, and finally to the Romans.  
  Roman astronomy had practical purposes, like timekeeping, and Roman ships used the stars for navigation. The Romans oriented monuments, temples, tombs, and cities with specific constellations, and like most ancient people, the Romans believed in astrology. They thought the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars influenced human lives and earthly events, and most Romans viewed astrology as a natural extension of astronomy. They gave the names of their deities to the planets and stars, and they thought the stars, moon, and planets had mystical power and represented the deities. Thus, they studied the movements of the stars and planets to discern their personal fortunes and the will of their gods. The five planets that can be seen with the naked eye still have the names of Roman gods: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and modern astronomers use Roman records of solar storms, comets, and eclipses, along with consulting ancient Roman data to analyze Earth’s climate history, orbital mechanics, and long-term patterns for the 11-year solar cycle. 

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  Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa:...

  5 Minutes, 5 Minute Biographies,...

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  Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, German crusader: Life and works in a short biography! Everything you need to know, brief and concise. Infotainment, education and entertainment at its best!

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  How to Talk to Anyone About...

  Christopher Rothchester

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  Have you ever wanted to share your knowledge with others and help everyone else? 
  Have you wanted to be able to talk in-depth about any subject? 
  Do you want people around the world who have no idea what you are talking about listening attentively and understanding everything that is being said? 
  Do you want everyone else wasting their time while they only understand one or two words? 
  This book has the answers to all these questions. 
  With this book's help and your dedication, it will be possible for anyone to gain confidence in their communication skills. It will make it much easier for them when it comes out that there is a need to speak in public. It will also be easier for them when they do not understand what is being said, since they will know how to understand it. This book shows how to talk to anyone about anything, anytime, anywhere, and everyone. The user can learn how to talk in a manner that is entertaining, using the right words with the right emphasis, as well as setting up a scene where people will want to listen without any problems. 
  This book covers the following:Mastering your body language.Listening is the key.The art of building rapport fast.What to say and what not to say.And much more! 
  This book aims to teach the user how to communicate better and more effectively. The user will also learn that they can be confident in their speaking abilities. With this book, the user will be able to communicate with people who have varying levels of education and intelligence. 
  It will also be easier for them when they do not understand what is being said, since the method which is being used will have been correctly explained. The user can learn that there are ways to talk without having anxiety or excessive stress arise with them when they are talking to others.

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  40 Interview Icebergs and How to...

  Michael Heath

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  40 Interview Icebergs will help you to be more successful in interviews and get the job that you really want. So many people go for interviews and sail along merrily before steering straight into the iceberg that sinks their application there and then. Some icebergs are obvious; some less so. But isn't it nice to know what they are? You'll find 8 'Iceberg Zones' in this book: All are deadly. That's why Michael Heath has approached recruitment and HR professionals around the world and simply asked them the question, “What are the most common errors that someone might make that would stop you from hiring them?” This book lists the 40 most common reasons - the icebergs that all too often send a job application to the ocean floor. But to know that an iceberg is on the horizon is not enough. How do you get round it? That's why each section has several tips which will help you steer a course to the safety of your port or destination: The job you really want.

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