English Civil War - History of Its Causes and Consequences

Kelly Mass

Sinopsis

The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of conflicts and political struggles between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") in England, with wider ramifications across Scotland and Ireland. The primary issues at stake were England's governance and matters of religious freedom.[2] The war consisted of three phases, with the first (1642–1646) and second (1648–1649) wars fought between supporters of King Charles I and the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–1651) saw battles between supporters of King Charles II and the Rump Parliament. The Scottish Covenanters and Irish Confederates also played significant roles. Ultimately, the Parliamentarians emerged victorious after the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651.

The unique aspect of these civil wars was that they were not solely about determining who would rule, but also concerned the governance of the entire British Isles, including England, Scotland, and Ireland. The outcomes included the trial and execution of Charles I in 1649, the exile of his son Charles II in 1651, and the establishment of the Commonwealth of England under the personal rule of Oliver Cromwell from 1653 (as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland) and briefly his son Richard (1658–1659). The Church of England's monopoly on worship was ended in England, and the victors in Ireland consolidated the Protestant Ascendancy. Additionally, the wars set the precedent that an English monarch cannot govern without Parliament's consent, a concept further enshrined with Parliamentary sovereignty during the Glorious Revolution in 1688.

Disponible desde: 16/01/2024.

Humanidades y ciencias sociales

Otros libros que te pueden interesar

Master Your Patience : A...

Dr. Pedro Costa

Preface by the Monk Coen. ”In this book, Pedro Costa makes an important analysis - an anamnesis of altered states of consciousness, and gives us guidelines, recipes, suggestions so that we can perceive our moods and develop the ability to deal with them. We will need patience a lot - in order to have physical, mental and social health.
We can identify the enemies of patience. Not only we can, but we should. Let us define them as the main causes of our daily unrest. First, the people. Second, time. Third, the situations. The fourth can be understood as the union of the first three: chaos, or ”people with no time in difficult situations”. Normally, when we lose patience completely we fall into this last stage of impatience. It`s this combination of factors that disturbs our peace. In this book, we describe a method so you always remember the ”good allies” of patience. A way to improve your life. It`s the ”4S” rule, a shortcut to memorizing it. Thus, the four allies of patience are: Silence, Sight, Smile and Sure. Easy, right? We`ll go into detail about this method and each of the four allies as well as the enemies of a complete change to a better life. We must also observe that the more we focus on the present, the more likely we are to find the allies of patience. The authors P. COSTA and G. COSTA bring a two-fold vision from different areas. First a broad approach of patience by medical science, linked to mindfulness, and on the other hand an approach by anthropology, closely related to the totality of the human being, including all of its dimensions.

Ver libro

Bella Caledonia - An Anthology...

Mike Small

In October 2007, writers Mike Small and Kevin Williamson launched Bella Caledonia at the Radical Book Fair in Edinburgh. Since then, Bella has consistently explored ideas of self-determination and offered Scotland's most robust and insightful political commentary.
In the run up to Scottish independence referendum, international interest grew and Bella Caledonia had more than 500,000 unique users a month, with a peak of one million in August ― and since then has been given multiple awards recognising it as one of the top 10 political blogs in the UK.
This anthology, curated by Mike Small, is a flavour of Bella's output over these 14 years ― the editor's pick.
Bella is aligned to no political party and sees herself as the bastard child of parent publications too good for this world; from Calgacus to Red Herring, from Harpies & Quines to the Black Dwarf.
Under Mike's editorship, Bella has developed a 'Fifth Estate' as a way of disrupting the passive relationship of old media, creating something more active and appropriate for the 21st century ― it's about concentration of ownership, and bringing together radical coverage with cultural analysis. Hence the plethora of wide-ranging voices in this anthology, each representing outlier viewpoints in contemporary society ― novelists, poets, bloggers and journalists publishing in non-mainstream media outlets, and the social media.
*
"Bella Caledonia has been a flagship for progressive thought in Scotland, providing a platform for informed and creative writing, advocating a progressive and independent nation fit for the future."
Stuart Cosgrove
"Bella has been to be a constant thorn in the side of the powerful voices who would prefer that conventional wisdom went unchallenged, that awkward questions went unasked, and bold solutions went unheard."
Peter Geoehgan
* The Contributors:
Andy Wightman • Alan Bissett • Brian Quail • George Rosie • Kathleen Jamie • Peter Arnott • Scott Hames • Laura Easton Lewis • Meaghan Delahunt • AL Kennedy • Alistair Davidson • Alastair McIntosh • Katie Gallogly-Swan • Max Macleod • Caitlin Logan • Irvine Welsh • Paul Tritschler • Chloé Farand • Abi Lightbody • Pat Kane • Adam Ramsay • Rory Scothorne • Alison Phipps • Jamie Maxwell • Amna Saleem • Neil Cooper • Dougie Strang • Mairi McFadyen • Christopher Silver • George Gunn • Stuart Christie • George Kerevan • Iain MacKinnon • Dougald Hine • Cait O'Neil McCullagh • Raman Mundair • Gerry Hassan
About The Editor:
Mike Small is a writer, journalist, author and publisher. He has written for the Guardian, Sunday Herald, Sunday National, Open Democracy, Variant, Lobster and Z Magazine. He is currently working on a biography of Patrick Geddes and a history of Scottish Anarchism. He has edited Bella Caledonia since 2007.

Ver libro

ABC - The Beginning Of The End

Aaron LaLux

The poems written in this book were composed in over 20 different countries & different cities including Australia, Bali, Brooklyn, Budapest, Colombia, Cyprus, Greece, India, Israel, Istanbul, Los Angeles, Madagascar, Miami, New Zealand, Oklahoma, Portugal, Romania, Sydney, Tbilisi, Thailand, & The Hamptons & Ukraine. 
I left a piece of my heart in each one of these places that I visited along with leaving a piece of my heart, with every one of those amazing souls that I met & connected with along the way, a lot of who I still know to this day. Those out there know who you are so I don’t need to name names. 
I’ve been traveling the world for several decades, but I notice this most recent trip felt the most strange & I can’t just blame COVID for this post COVID feeling. See something has just fundamentally changed the whole global vibe is a bit off & I don’t just mean the obvious stuff.  
Sure there’s the political chaos with right & left becoming increasingly polarized which is absolutely heartbreaking because if we put our differences aside we’d see we have more similarities than differences what I'm really talking about a fundamental change in the individual.  
We're spending way more time with machines than we are spending with each other & a lot of the time we spend interacting with each other is done through machines instead of directly with each other. 
It’s as if we are recognizing each other’s existences less & less. 
On top of this a majority of people including myself seem tired “out of it” directionless & disassociated. Maybe I’m trippin’ but I can’t be imagining all these things, it can’t just be me.  
So yeah, a lot more to say, but I’m just going to stop here & let the poems contained in this book do the explaining,

Ver libro

Spooks - The Haunting of...

Jim Hougan

“Probably the most eye-opening and engrossing exposé to date of the bizarre ‘power games’ played by multinational corporations and tycoons.” —Publishers Weekly   A classic of investigative reporting, Spooks is a treasure trove of who-shot-who research on the metastasis of the US intelligence community, whose practices and personnel have engulfed the larger society. Teeming with tales of wiremen, hitmen, and mobsters; crooked politicians and corrupt cops going about their business of regime-change, union-busting, wiretapping, money laundering, and industrial espionage, read about: • Richard Nixon’s “Mission Impossible” war on Aristotle Onassis • Not-so-deep-fake porno films starring the CIA’s enemies • The Robert Vesco heist, targeting billions in numbered Swiss accounts • Robert Maheu and the kidnapping of billionaire Howard Hughes • The murder-for-hire of a Columbia University professor • Bobby Kennedy’s archipelago of private intelligence agencies—Intertel and the “Five I’s” • “The Friendly Ghost” and Nixon’s secret account in the offshore Castle Bank & Trust “One of the best non-fiction books of the year, a monument of fourth-level research and fact-searching.” —Los Angeles Times“This book will curl your hair with its revelations and the names it names. A landmark book in its field of investigative reporting.” —John Barkham Reviews “Hougan is a superb storyteller and the pages teem with unforgettable characters. Admirable.” —The Washington Post “Hougan is exhilarating on the mystique of spooks.” —The New York Review of Book

Ver libro

What is a Man

Jason Grainger

This audiobook is narrated by an AI Voice.   
This book explores the divine design of manhood, offering a compelling vision of what it means to be a man according to God’s purpose. Through chapters like He’s God’s Design, He Knows Whose He Is, and He’s a Leader, it highlights the spiritual, emotional, and practical traits that define true masculinity. It emphasizes the value of strong marriages, present fatherhood, and moral purity, painting a picture of a man who impacts society for the better. Grounded in faith and purpose, this book is both a guide and a call to action for men to rise to their God-given potential.

Ver libro

The French Famine of 1693-1694 -...

Sarah Willards

The French Famine of 1693-1694, one of the most devastating in the nation's history, was deeply influenced by a confluence of environmental, social, and political factors that shaped its catastrophic outcome. To understand the severity of this famine, it is crucial to examine the conditions that preceded it, including the weather patterns, economic environment, and political climate of late 17th-century France.
At the heart of the famine was a series of harsh weather conditions that led to poor harvests in 1693. A combination of torrential rains, flooding, and unseasonably cold temperatures during the growing season caused widespread crop failure. The heavy rainfall ruined crops such as wheat, barley, and oats, essential staples for the population. In particular, the harsh winter of 1693–1694 exacerbated the problem by delaying planting and further destroying the few crops that had managed to survive. This extreme weather pattern, which was part of a broader climate event known as the "Little Ice Age," contributed to reduced food production and severe shortages across France.
In addition to the challenging weather, the economic and social conditions in France played a significant role in magnifying the effects of the famine. By the late 17th century, the French economy had been heavily strained by costly wars, including the Nine Years' War, and the lavish spending of Louis XIV. The country’s infrastructure was ill-equipped to handle such widespread agricultural distress. The peasants, who made up the majority of the population, were already burdened with heavy taxes and had limited resources to survive such a crisis. With most of the population living in rural areas, food shortages hit them hardest, leading to widespread hunger and suffering.

Ver libro