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  The Investiture Controversy -...

  Harris Ropes

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  The Investiture Controversy, one of the most defining struggles of the medieval period, had its roots in the growing tension between the secular rulers of Europe and the spiritual authority of the Church. This conflict emerged in a time when power structures were deeply intertwined, and the boundaries between church and state were neither clear nor firmly established. At the heart of the controversy was the question of who held the authority to appoint, or "invest," bishops and abbots—the emperor or the pope. 
  The Church had grown significantly in power and influence during the early Middle Ages, accumulating wealth, land, and political clout. By the 11th century, popes were increasingly assertive, seeking to reform the Church and free it from secular interference. The papacy, under reform-minded leaders, aimed to elevate the moral and spiritual authority of the Church above that of earthly rulers. This push was partly a response to widespread abuses, such as simony—the buying and selling of church offices—and lay investiture, where secular leaders granted religious titles and symbols of office to church officials. 
  On the other side, the Holy Roman Emperors viewed themselves as divinely appointed protectors of Christendom. They believed it was their right and duty to appoint bishops within their realms, not just as spiritual leaders but also as loyal administrators of imperial lands. In many parts of the empire, bishops held significant secular power and governed vast territories, making their appointment a matter of political importance as much as religious concern. For emperors like Henry IV, relinquishing control over these appointments threatened to weaken imperial unity and reduce their ability to govern effectively.

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  Egyptian Mythology - The...

  James Gaiman

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  Do you know that the ancient Egyptians believed that people were made out of clay by their river god?To understand how the ancient Egyptians saw the world around them, we begin our journey by exploring their beliefs of how the world and man came to be. 
  This guide will introduce you to the origins of ancient Egypt’s Gods and Demons whose worship filled the lives of everyone at the time, both pharaohs and common people.  
  Every story has been formatted to create a clear and concise retelling for all of those who are not already familiar with the lore of ancient Egyptian culture! 
  If you want a huge collection of the best myths and discover captivating stories of gods, goddesses, monsters, and mortals, then keep reading... 
  This audiobook is the most complete collection of ancient Egypt’s myths you could ever wish for. 
  The audiobook includes detailed descriptions about ancient Egypt’s historical and cultural background and maps to help you find where the events took place. 
  Get this audiobook and discover the fascinating world of Egyptian today!

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  Dubai

  Klaus H. Carl

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  Saint-Exupéry might have had the Little Prince say that he liked the desert because that is where camels can hide out. Dubai is one of the seven Gulf Emirates and has become a high-tech avantgarde metropolis where superlatives are superfluous. Major wonders of architectural imagination and scale include the National Bank of Dubai, Clock Tower, Creek Side and Dubai Internet City. It also operates the world's largest man-made harbour in Jebel Ali, which features a major water desalination plant. It is the world's third largest trans-shipment hub after Hong Kong and Singapore. Nonetheless, Dubai preserves close ties to the past, based on Bedouin tradition, camel racing, falconry, pearl diving and the world of palm groves. The land thrived before the era of oil derricks and is now preparing to live again after they leave as it invests in higher education that heartily welcomes women. Time-honoured legends of Arab cavalries that swept across the deserts still survive in horse races that display equestrian tradition against a background of exclusive state-of-the-art driving machines: Welcome to this sneak preview of the 21st Century!

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  No Scrap Left Behind - My Life...

  Teralyn Pilgrim

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  Teralyn Pilgrim had no idea the environmental and economic impact of food waste, or that she could save $100 a month by being waste free. But when a story of hungry children fills her with unbearable guilt, she decided to make a change to the way her family approached mealtime. Despite finicky kids and a skeptical husband, Pilgrim turned her feelings of guilt into action and created a zero-food waste kitchen. 
   
   
   
  Pilgrim began her journey by defining food waste with Rule #1: the Hungry Kid Test—would you throw something edible away with a hungry child watching? If the answer is yes, it can go in the compost. If the answer is no, then it's time to get creative. 
   
   
   
  Narrating her trials and errors—emphasis on errors—Pilgrim invites listeners to her table, where leftover food is a personal challenge to reduce waste, save money, and guard against squandering natural resources. Things get tricky when she discovers a five-year-old fish in her freezer, accidentally buys the grossest fat-free cookies in the world, and finds her dog is as picky as the kids. Addressing myths about how being waste-free is too hard (it's not) and whether expiration dates mean anything (they don't), Pilgrim teaches listeners clever ways to be resourceful while also offering a broader look at why food waste matters and the global effects of this massive problem.

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  Mexican Spanish for Beginners:...

  Lingo Publishing

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  Embark on a Linguistic Adventure: Master Mexican Spanish with Ease! 
  Discover the Magic of Mexico Through Its Language 
  Are you ready to transform your understanding of Spanish and immerse yourself in Mexico's rich culture? "Mexican Spanish for Beginners" is more than just a language course; it's your personal guide to a vibrant linguistic journey! 
  Why Learn Mexican Spanish?Spanish is the third most widely used language on the Internet and the official language of 21 countries, with around 125 million speakers in Mexico alone!You've chosen to learn a dialect that opens up communication with a vast, diverse population and enriches your cultural understanding. 
  What's Inside?Follow the story of George Donovan, a young man from the United States, on his week-long summer vacation in Mexico City.Experience a unique structure different from traditional coursebooks, focusing on practical language use and cultural insights.Each chapter is a day in George's life, filled with engaging Spanish grammar content, vocabulary, and exercises to practice what you've learned.Paula Solís, George's friend and Spanish teacher, will guide you with clear explanations, examples, and even humor! 
  Cultural ImmersionDive into a cultural annex at the end of every chapter, filled with specific slang, idioms, and fun facts about Mexican Spanish.Learn the differences between Mexican Spanish and Castilian Spanish, helping you become a local in no time! 
  Embrace the Mexican Way of Life!From the bustling streets of Mexico City to the tranquil beaches, learn the language that lets you connect deeply with locals.Your journey through this audiobook isn't just about language; it's about embracing and understanding a culture that's as colorful as its language.

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  Divine Wisdom in the Temples of...

  EZRA IVANOV

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  Since the temple embodies all of divine life on a macrocosmic scale, it reflects the sublime qualities of divine regions in the physical world. The soaring columns of the temple’s hypostyle Hall, which leads celebrants into the environment of the Neteru, embody the sacred marshes of time. 
  Auxiliary chambers and the Hall of Records in the temple reflect the majestic halls of the Duat. The divine genealogy of royal persons and thus humanity was recorded here. Additionally, the sacred mound on which the ancients rested at the dawn of time is in the temple’s sanctuary. In this sanctuary lies the naos where the Neter rests.

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