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  Abraham Lincoln - The Dark Side...

  Cyril Taylor-Carr

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  Lincoln's connection to black history may go much further than his role in slavery. In the 2001 book 'Black People and Their Place in History', historian Leroy Vaughn, alleges that Lincoln’s father was African American and his mother had Ethiopian ethnicity, both of which may have explained his “very dark skin and coarse hair.” The fact is his rivals campaigned using propaganda that depicted Lincoln as “Abraham Africanus the First,” an African man. 
   
  It is claimed that Abraham Lincoln, who became America’s 16th President in 1860, was a Melungeon; a person of European, African-American and Native American ancestry. 
  But beyond even that thoughtful historical proposition the late scholar Lerone Bennet Jr. sees America's most beloved president in a very different light to how he has been portrayed throughout time. Bennet hit a nerve in his research and writing on Lincoln. His book, 'Forced into Glory: Abraham Lincoln's White Dream', questions Lincoln's role as the "Great Emancipator". The work was described by one reviewer as a "flawed mirror." It was further criticized by historians of the Civil War period as faulty. 
   
  In his introduction, Bennett wrote: 
  "The idea of the book is simple: Everything you think you know about Lincoln and race is wrong. Every schoolchild, for example, knows the story of "the great emancipator" who freed Negroes with a stroke of the pen out of the goodness of his heart. The real Lincoln ... was a conservative politician who said repeatedly that he believed in white supremacy. Not only that: He opposed the basic principle of the Emancipation Proclamation until his death and was literally forced – Count Adam Gurowski said he was literally whipped – "into the glory of having issued the Emancipation Proclamation," which Lincoln drafted in such a way that it did not in and of itself free a single slave."

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  The American Operations in WW2:...

  History U.S. Army Center of...

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  World War II was the largest and most violent armed conflict in the history of mankind. Highly relevant today, World War II has much to teach us, not only about the profession of arms, but also about military preparedness, global strategy, and combined operations in the coalition war against fascism. This book follows military operations of the US Army in Central Europe from 22 March to 11 May 1945. 
  By the early spring of 1945 events favored the Allied forces in Europe. The Anglo-Americans had by January turned back the Germans' December counterattack in the Ardennes, in the famous Battle of the Bulge. The failure of this last great German offensive exhausted much of the Third Reich's remaining combat strength, leaving it ill-prepared to resist the final Allied campaigns in Europe. Additional losses in the Rhineland further weakened the German Army, leaving shattered remnants of units to defend the east bank of the Rhine. By mid-March the western Allies had pushed to the Rhine along most of the front, had seized an intact bridge at Remagen, and had even established a small bridgehead on the river's east bank.
  In the east the Soviets had overrun most of Poland, pushed into Hungary and eastern Czechoslovakia, and temporarily halted at the German border on the Oder-Neisse line. These rapid advances on the Eastern Front destroyed additional veteran German combat units and severely limited Hitler's ability to reinforce his Rhine defenses. Thus, as the western Allies completed their preparations for the final drive into the heart of Germany, victory seemed within sight.

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  The Mythical Underworld -...

  Odessa Nightshade

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  The concept of the underworld has been a central theme in mythology and religious traditions across cultures and centuries. It is a realm shrouded in mystery, often depicted as the final destination of souls after death. Whether seen as a place of judgment, purification, or eternal rest, the underworld reflects humanity’s deep curiosity and fear about what lies beyond life. From the Greek Hades to the Egyptian Duat, these mythical realms offer insight into the values, beliefs, and spiritual practices of ancient civilizations. While each culture envisions the underworld differently, common themes emerge, such as the presence of a ruler of the dead, trials for the soul, and pathways leading to different fates.  
    
  Death and the afterlife have always been significant concerns for humankind, shaping rituals, moral codes, and philosophical ideas. The question of what happens after death has inspired countless myths, each attempting to explain the mysteries of existence. For some, the underworld is a dark and terrifying place filled with suffering, while for others, it is a peaceful domain where the dead find rest. In many traditions, the journey to the underworld is not simply an end but a transition, offering the possibility of rebirth, redemption, or transformation. These beliefs influenced burial customs, from the elaborate tombs of Egyptian pharaohs to the Norse practice of ship burials, each designed to prepare the deceased for the next stage of existence.  
    
  The underworld also plays a crucial role in religious and moral systems, reinforcing the idea of divine justice. Many myths describe a system where souls are judged based on their deeds in life, determining whether they receive reward or punishment. The Greek underworld, for instance, separates the virtuous from the wicked, assigning them to Elysium or Tartarus.

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  The Heart And Heart Disease - A...

  Owen Jones

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  Six Interesting Facts about the Heart 
  1. Heart and circulatory diseases cause a quarter of all deaths in the UK, that’s more than 170,000 deaths each year – an average of 480 deaths each day or one every three minutes in the UK⁵. 
  2. There are around 7.6 million people living with a heart or circulatory disease in the UK: 4 million men and 3.6 million women⁵. 
  3. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of heart disease. It is the most common cause of heart attack and was the single biggest killer of both men and women worldwide in 2019⁵. 
  4. In the US, heart disease is the leading cause of death for men, women, and people of most racial and ethnic groups¹. One person dies every 33 seconds in the United States from cardiovascular disease¹. 
  5. About 695,000 people in the United States died from heart disease in 2021—that’s 1 in every 5 deaths¹. 
  6. The most common type of heart disease in the USA is coronary artery disease (CAD), in which the major blood vessels to the heart become narrow or blocked with cholesterol and fatty build-up. CAD affects 18.2 million adults, and shockingly, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that every two in ten deaths from CAD happen in people under 65 years old².

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  Parents and Children

  Ven. Medagama Vajirañāṇa Nayaka...

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  This is an audiobook of Bodhi Leaves No. 151 by Ven. Medagama Vajirañāṇa Nayaka Thera, Parents and Children narrated by Ethan Christy. The print edition can be found in the Pariyatti Edition of Collected Bodhi Leaves Vol. 5. The eBook of Bodhi Leaves No. 151 can be downloaded from the BPS website.
   
  Excerpt:
   
  One essential requirement for a happy society is that the individuals constituting the society must have tranquillity of mind. This tranquillity of mind arises from purity of thought, word, and action, which means the observance of an ethical lifestyle based on the Five Precepts. As human beings we are unique in our ability to see the difference between good and bad. We have the capacity to make moral choices and thereby to influence the pattern of our own lives and that of others. This influence is exerted through our thoughts, speech, and actions. If we can develop inner purity and strength, then we have established the basis on which we can give what is needed by others in all our relationships. It is up to us to create a safe and harmonious society.

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  1000 Motivational Statements -...

  Science-Based Language Learning Lab

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  Unlock the power of dual-language learning with 1000 Motivational Statements: Learn Polish While Transforming Your Life. This innovative book combines language mastery with self-improvement, offering 1000 motivational statements presented in Polish and English. By engaging with these phrases, you'll effortlessly integrate language practice into your daily routine, making learning enjoyable and inspirational. 
   
  Why Choose This Book? 
   
  - Dual Benefit: Improve your Polish skills while enhancing your motivation. 
  - Comprehensive Self-Improvement: Beyond simple platitudes, the statements offer advice on communication, relationships, and overall well-being. 
  - Easy to Follow: Side-by-side translations help you understand and pronounce Polish with ease. 
  - Cultural Insight: Deepen your understanding of Polish culture through meaningful expressions. 
   
  Perfect for beginners or those looking to strengthen their Polish, this book provides a unique way to stay motivated as you achieve your language-learning goals. Transform your life and broaden your horizons with each page. Begin your bilingual journey today and discover the empowerment of learning Polish while enhancing your personal growth!

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