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  Niels Bohr and J Robert...

  Editors Charles River

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  The Danes have incorporated a system that prizes a balance between work and play, the concept of “hygge,” solid investments made towards the treatment of mental illness, and a stellar welfare model. That has helped ensure that an endless stream of intellectuals, inventors, creative legends, and pioneers have hailed from Denmark over many centuries, from classical scholar Ada Adler to fabled 16th century astronomer Tycho Brahe. One of the most famous, and important, is Niels Bohr, a world-famous physicist and one of the patriarchs of quantum theory. Given the vibrant, peaceful haven that is Denmark today, it’s somewhat ironic that Bohr played an instrumental role in the development of the atomic bomb. Even so, the truth and depth of the matter, much like the self-professed pacifist himself, is far more complex. 
  The Manhattan Project would ultimately yield the “Little Boy” and “Fat Man” bombs that released more than 100 Terajoules of energy at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but as it turned out, the Axis were not far behind with their own nuclear weapons program. When the Nazis’ quest for a nuclear weapon began in earnest in 1939, no one really had a handle on how important nuclear weapons would prove to war and geopolitics. The attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, along with the Cold War-era tests and their accompanying mushroom clouds, would demonstrate the true power and terror of nuclear weapons, but in the late 1930s these bombs were only vaguely being thought through, particularly after the successful first experiment to split the atom by a German scientist. The nuclear age itself was in its infancy, barely 35 years old, but within a few short years the advent of nuclear war loomed over the world and the prospect of the enemy winning the nuclear race kept Allied leaders awake at night.

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  Zebulon Pike: The Life and...

  Editors Charles River

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  Given that Lewis and Clark remain so famous, it was inevitable that the other American explorers would be overlooked, particularly William Eaton, the hero of the Battle of Derna in the Barnaby Wars, and Zebulon Montgomery Pike, the explorer of the Mississippi. In the case of Pike, Orsi suggests that the explorer is overlooked and in some cases slighted due to what the expeditions did and did not accomplish. Eaton and Pike represented “the first wave of Manifest Destiny, expanding the republican principles of liberty and citizenship in the world.”[1] 
  	Contrasted to that patriotic sentiment are caveats and questions. The career of Zebulon Pike was “dominated by ambiguously motivated explorations of the American West.”[2] With the procurement of the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the nation, Pike had the full force of American authority at his disposal, and his travels through the Colorado Rockies into New Mexico pushed the boundaries between America and Spain. Captured by Spanish officials for illegal entry, he was finally released back into American custody after a year’s time with a volume of new information on Spanish territory, its economy, and its military configuration. This sparked a debate about whether the capture was planned by the American government itself. 
  	Pike’s return is still debated, as is his relationship with General James Wilkinson and Aaron Burr. The controversy is relevant to Burr’s alleged conspiracy to establish a competing empire in the American Southwest, or perhaps as a way of conquering Spanish America without involving the White House. Pike’s papers, confiscated by the Spanish, have complicated the search for the truth, and any evidence of his complicity remains confidential, in part because of the unpredictable explorer’s unpredictable demise.

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  Elon Musk - Innovator...

  Chris McNab

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  Elon Musk is one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs -- the CEO of Tesla, the founder of SpaceX and one of the richest people on the planet. Raised in South Africa, he attended a number of universities, before founding the software company Zip2 in 1995. Just four years later it was bought for $307 million. X.com, the online bank he founded in 1999, merged to form PayPal the following year. His business interests have expanded to include aerospace, artificial intelligence and neurotechnology. This book is a deep dive into his career and how he built his business empire. A fascinating read for aspiring entrepreneurs or anyone looking to build a successful business.

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  When the Going Gets Tough - A...

  Steve McNally

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  TWISTED STEEL
  SHATTERED GLASS
  A FRACTURED FAMILY
  
  These are the explosive opening scenes of a journey from passive victim to powerful leadership. 
  
  From Portadown, Northern Ireland, to the Royal Opera House and the Welsh mountains. From the war-ravaged landscape of Sierra Leone to corporate boardrooms and black-tie awards ceremonies.
  
  Your life's journey has different locations, dramatic events and challenges along the way. Steve McNally retells his powerful story with honesty and vulnerability so you can see your own inner journey clearly.
  
  His early years navigating The Troubles, then the trials and triumphs of military life, and latterly the challenges of corporate leadership and delights of fatherhood, create a rich window into personal leadership, resilience and strategies for coping with the complexities of both the modern world and your own inner world.
  
  Rich with insight and practical tools designed to help you claim and develop your personal leadership and resilience, When the Going Gets Tough, is a true-to-life tale that empowers you to...
  
  GET GOING!

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  Chaplin - The True Story of the...

  Liam Dale

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  Interested in learning more about Charlie Chaplin but short on time for lengthy biographies? Join The History Journals for a concise, hourly history tour of his life. 
   
  Charlie Chaplin's enduring legacy is etched in the timeless films that continue to bring laughter to audiences of all generations, transcending language barriers. As you delve deeper into the life of the man behind the beloved Tramp persona, you'll gain a newfound appreciation for the undisputed King of silent comedy. This journal takes you on a journey through his remarkable life. 
   
  You'll discover: 
  - Charlie's birthplace and early life in slums, including time in workhouses 
  - His parents' struggle with poverty and alcoholism, the stigma of state assistance 
  - His mother's battle with insanity, her commitment, and his early stage experiences 
  - The pivotal role of Mack Sennett, his debut in movies, and the rise of the Tramp character 
  - The million-dollar contract, his time with Essenay Films, and tumultuous marriages 
  - His meeting with Oona Chaplin, ostracism, and move to Switzerland, as well as awards and legacy 
   
  Embark on this fascinating tour to uncover the life and times of Charlie Chaplin, the iconic figure in silent comedy.

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  Hand and Heart - From their pens...

  Elizabeth Gaskell

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  Elizabeth Stevenson was born in Chelsea in London on 29th September 1810.  
  Both parents embedded their strong Unitarian beliefs into Elizabeth who rebelliously was often reluctant to display these religious convictions.  
  The early death of Elizabeth’s mother saw her sent away to be brought up by her maternal aunt in Knutsford, Cheshire.  
  Her father now remarried but Elizabeth spent most of her childhood in Cheshire away from her father and his new family but was supportive towards her half-siblings.  
  Elizabeth’s aunt encouraged her education and particularly to read and express herself through writing.   
  In 1828, her brother John, who worked in the merchant navy, disappeared on a journey to India. This disastrous loss depressed her father, and she went to his household to nurse him for the next year before he died.  
  In 1832, she fell in love with William Gaskell, a Unitarian minister like her father, and married him.  They settled in Manchester. This booming industrial city had a great impact on Elizabeth who felt the need to speak up for poor workers and their exploitation by large industrial companies. A collection of poems and short stories, ‘Sketches among the Poor’ appeared in 1837, co-authored by her husband.  Her first major work, under a pseudonym, was ‘Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life’ published in 1848. 
  During her career she worked continually with Charles Dickens and published much in his various magazines. With him she published ‘Lizzie Leigh’ in 1850 which dealt with the taboo subject of prostitution.  She was an excellent writer and impressed her many Victorian literary peers. Much of her writing reflects her work as a social critic highlighting the exploitation of the working class and the situation of women in society.  
  On 12th November 1865, Elizabeth Gaskell died in Holybourne, Hampshire, after suffering from a heart attack a month earlier.

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