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  Bagavad Gita in Tamil - Chapter 7

  Viyasar

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  The Bhagavad Gita is a 700-verse Hindu scripture embedded within the epic Mahabharata, depicting a dialogue between Arjuna and Krishna on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. Arjuna, facing his relatives in battle, experiences despair and a crisis of conscience. Krishna, his charioteer and an avatar of Vishnu, provides philosophical and spiritual guidance, addressing themes of duty (dharma), action (karma), devotion (bhakti), and knowledge (jnana). The Gita explores the nature of the self, the divine, and humanity's place in the world, offering paths to liberation and spiritual fulfillment. 

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  Rare Recording of Carl Jung A -...

  Carl Jung

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  Carl Gustav Jung (July 26, 1875 - June 6, 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. Jung's work was influential in the fields of psychiatry, anthropology, archaeology, literature, philosophy, and religious studies. Working as a research scientist, Jung came to the attention of Sigmund Freud, and the two men conducted a lengthy correspondence for a while. However, while Jung worked on his Psychology of the Unconscious, tensions manifested between him and Freud because of various disagreements, including those concerning the nature of libido. While Jung did think libido was an important source for personal growth, unlike Freud, he did not believe that libido alone was responsible for the formation of the core personality.

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  British Intelligence in the...

  Editors Charles River

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  Many members of British society viewed war as a sport, a lethal one admittedly, but one played by gentlemen in the spirit of amateurism and fair play as it had been throughout the British Empire in the preceding decades. The bloody stalemate on the Western Front caught them unprepared for the dark arts of covert warfare which would be needed to avert defeat, gain the initiative, win the war and, ultimately, shape the peace. Those operations would witness the evolution of an ad hoc coalition of stakeholders from the military, the political elite, academics, technical experts, various kinds of industry, the media, and even the artistic community, all of which came together to wage a variety of forms of covert warfare. Many of the programs were technically successful, and in some cases, they undoubtedly saved lives and shortened the war.  
  	Given the nature of war, many operations and many technologies have to be covert in order to be successful, and that imposes limits on democratic oversight, but in the case of the First World War, the boundaries of what was acceptable under the bounds of morality and the laws of war were repeatedly challenged. 
  	World War II was also a conflict in which modern covert operations first hit their stride. From the jungles of Burma to the streets of Paris, spies, saboteurs, and commandos carried out missions built on secrecy and cunning. Precise, self-contained operations could be as important to the outcome of the war as acts of massive destruction, whether it involved targeted assassinations, sabotaging key logistics, or counterintelligence to break up the enemy’s own rings. At the time, most of these operations were hidden from the public since that was the only way they could be successfully carried out, but in the years since, stories about various missions have emerged. They paint a picture of incredible courage and ingenuity, whether in war zones, enemy territory, or far from the front lines.

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  The Silk Road - Trade and...

  Jun Liu

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  The origins of the Silk Road trace back more than two thousand years, to a time when empires rose and sought to expand their influence through exploration, diplomacy, and commerce. The foundation of this vast trade network was laid during the Han Dynasty in China, around the 2nd century BCE. Under Emperor Wu of Han, the empire was looking to form alliances and open communication with regions to the west, particularly to counter nomadic threats like the Xiongnu. In pursuit of this goal, the emperor commissioned a young diplomat named Zhang Qian to journey westward, initiating one of the earliest formal missions that would lead to the opening of trade routes between East and West. 
  Zhang Qian’s expeditions proved to be pivotal. Although his initial mission was met with capture and delays, he eventually succeeded in reaching Central Asia and returning with valuable intelligence about distant peoples and lands. His reports detailed the cultures, resources, and military strength of regions far beyond China’s borders, sparking interest in trade and fostering diplomatic relationships. These journeys laid the groundwork for sustained interaction between distant civilizations and demonstrated the strategic and economic potential of linking east to west. 
  As the Han Dynasty expanded its territory and influence, it secured key routes and established military garrisons along the western frontier. These efforts ensured the safety of merchants and travelers, allowing goods to flow more freely across borders. The Silk Road was not a single road, but rather a network of interconnected paths that stretched from China through Central Asia, reaching all the way to the Mediterranean. It connected cities like Chang’an (modern-day Xi’an), Samarkand, and Antioch, forming a bridge between major civilizations of the time.

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  My Russian Grandmother and Her...

  Meir Shalev

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  From the author of the acclaimed novel A Pigeon and a Boy comes a charming tale of family ties, over-the-top housekeeping, and the sport of storytelling in Nahalal, the village of Meir Shalev's birth. Here we meet Shalev's amazing Grandma Tonia, who arrived in Palestine by boat from Russia in 1923 and lived in a constant state of battle with what she viewed as the family's biggest enemy in their new land: dirt. 
   
   
    
  Hilarious and touching, Grandma Tonia and her regulations come richly to life in a narrative that circles around the arrival into the family's dusty agricultural midst of the big, shiny American sweeper sent as a gift by Great-uncle Yeshayahu. America, to little Meir and to his forebears, was a land of hedonism and enchanting progress. The sweeper, a stealth weapon from Grandpa Aharon's American brother meant to beguile the hardworking socialist household with a bit of American ease, was symbolic of the conflicts and visions of the family in every respect. 
   
   
    
  The fate of Tonia's "svieeperrr"—hidden away for decades in a spotless closed-off bathroom after its initial use—is a family mystery that Shalev determines to solve. The result is pure delight, as Shalev brings to life the obsessive but loving Tonia, the pioneers who gave his childhood its spirit of wonder, and the grit and humor of people building ever-new lives.

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  A Rare Recording of Presidents...

  Lyndon B. Johnson, Harry S. Truman

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  The following recording is a telephone call from President Lyndon B. Johnson (August 27, 1908 - January 22, 1973), the 36th president of the United States, to Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 - December 26, 1972), the 33rd American president, wishing him a Merry Christmas.

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