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  Crystallizing Public Opinion -...

  Edward Bernays, Mitch Horowitz

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  The Bare-Knuckled Truths of Edward BernaysYou may not know Edward Bernays, but Edward Bernays knows you.  His 1923 classic Crystallizing Public Opinion set down the principles that corporations and government have used to influence and manipulate public attitudes over the past century, and the mass media continues that practice today.This seminal work on how public opinion is created and shaped, offers a glimpse into the world of propaganda and advertising. Bernays, who believes the public behaves like a herd of animals, shows how ideas about what to eat, and how we should look and dress can easily be put into our heads. He outlines how the masses can be controlled in whatever way the influencer chooses.This original and complete edition includes a new Introduction by PEN Award-winning historian, Mitch Horowitz.By adapting the ideas that this pioneering PR strategist, who considered himself part of an intellectual and economic elite entitled to govern public opinion and global policy, governments and advertisers have been able to “regiment the mind.” His work explains the popularity of today’s TV news shout-fests and angry social media posts because, as Bernays observed, crowds love a contest. This crowd-contest dynamic fuels the hostile and sarcastic comment chains that populate Twitter, Facebook, and other social media outlets.We know that beliefs can gain sudden popularity based on the public’s proclivity for seven factors: “flight-fear, repulsion-disgust, curiosity-wonder, pugnacity-anger, self-display-elation, self-abasement-subjection, parental-love-tenderness.”Named as one of the 100 most influential Americans of the 20th Century by Life magazine, Bernays’ clients included the American Tobacco Company, several U.S. presidents and the opponents of the Guatemalan revolution. This Austrian-born nephew of Sigmund Freud made a study of the different ways to use propaganda.  "Crystallizing Public Opinion" was his first major effort to sell himself and his philosophy of public relations.

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  Elementary Particles -...

  Mark Hedges

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  Elementary particles are the most fundamental building blocks of the universe. Unlike atoms, which can be broken down into protons, neutrons, and electrons, elementary particles are indivisible—they have no known internal structure. These particles, governed by the principles of quantum mechanics, form the basis of all matter and energy interactions. 
  The concept of elementary particles has evolved over time. In ancient philosophy, matter was thought to be composed of indivisible units called "atoms," a term coined by the Greek philosopher Democritus. However, modern science has shown that atoms themselves are not fundamental, as they consist of smaller components. By the early 20th century, scientists had discovered the existence of protons, neutrons, and electrons, leading to the birth of particle physics as a discipline. 
  The real breakthrough in understanding elementary particles came with the development of quantum mechanics and relativity. In the 1920s and 1930s, physicists formulated quantum field theories that described how particles interact through fundamental forces. By the mid-20th century, experimental discoveries revealed that protons and neutrons were not fundamental but composed of even smaller particles called quarks. This led to the development of the Standard Model of Particle Physics, which remains the best theoretical framework for describing elementary particles and their interactions.

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  Diabolical Motherhood

  Danel Olson

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  A collection of essays by female horror writers exploring portrayals of diabolical mothers in both modern and classic horror films.The concept of motherhood, often idealized as the epitome of unconditional love and nurturing, has been twisted and perverted in various cinematic works to explore darker, more complex human dynamics. Led by Bram Stoker, Shirley Jackson Award, and two-time World Fantasy Award winning editor and acclaimed film professor Danel Olson, the essayists introduce listeners to traditional portrayals of mothers in film and literature, establishing a baseline for understanding how diabolical motherhood deviates from the norm.From a historical overview tracing the evolution of malevolent maternal figures in cinema, from early depictions of wicked stepmothers in fairy tales to the complex, to multifaceted monstrous matriarchs of contemporary films, these essays explore the psychological underpinnings of diabolical motherhood, drawing on author's personal experiences, anecdotes, and research to understand the motivations and mental states driving these characters in a wide range of horror films. The essays offer a deeper understanding of how cinema reflects and shapes our perceptions of motherhood, morality, and power. A must-listen for horror aficionados.

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  Graciousness - The Elegant...

  Esther Jameson

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  Graciousness is often described as the act of being kind, polite, and considerate, but it is much more than that. It is a deep, internal quality that transcends the superficiality of manners and moves into the realm of genuine care for others and a sense of peace within oneself. To be gracious is to exhibit warmth, humility, and empathy, allowing one to extend kindness and understanding in any situation, regardless of how difficult it may seem. At its core, graciousness is about making others feel seen, heard, and valued. 
  One of the key components of graciousness is its elegance. Elegance is not just about appearance; it is about the way we carry ourselves and interact with others. It is a grace that can be felt, not just observed. It is a calm presence, a thoughtfulness in every gesture, and a gentleness in speech. The elegant aspect of graciousness lies in the way we respond to the world around us—with dignity, with compassion, and without the need for recognition or reward. This quiet elegance is often the most powerful form of graciousness because it does not seek attention but instead nurtures those who come into contact with it. 
  Graciousness also involves being present in the moment. It requires a level of mindfulness and self-awareness that allows individuals to respond to situations with poise and consideration. In a world that often prioritizes efficiency and speed, graciousness invites us to slow down and appreciate the people and moments around us. By doing so, we create a space where kindness can flourish, where interactions are thoughtful and deliberate, and where people feel valued for who they are, not just what they do.

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  Philosophy - Exploring Life's...

  Coral Nunez

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  Philosophy, at its core, is the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, and the human condition. It is not merely an academic subject but a way of thinking, questioning, and understanding the world. The term "philosophy" comes from the Greek words "philo" (love) and "sophia" (wisdom), meaning "the love of wisdom." This pursuit of wisdom has been a defining aspect of human civilization for thousands of years, shaping our perspectives on reality, morality, and truth. 
  One of the key aspects of philosophy is its role in fostering critical thinking. Philosophers do not accept ideas at face value but engage in rational inquiry, examining beliefs and assumptions. This is why philosophy often begins with questions rather than answers. What is real? How do we know what we know? What is the purpose of life? These questions are not easily answered, yet they push us to think deeply about our existence. 
  Philosophy is divided into several branches, each focusing on different aspects of human thought. Metaphysics explores the nature of reality, asking questions about existence, time, and the universe. Epistemology deals with the nature and limits of knowledge—how we acquire it and whether absolute truth exists. Ethics examines the principles of right and wrong, guiding moral behavior. Logic studies the structure of reasoning, ensuring that arguments are sound and rational. Political philosophy and aesthetics, while sometimes considered separate disciplines, also fall under the broader philosophical umbrella, dealing with justice, governance, and beauty.

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  Sounds of Other Shores - The...

  Andrew J. Eisenberg

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  Sounds of Other Shores takes an ethnographic ear to the history of transoceanic stylistic appropriation in the Swahili taarab music of the Kenyan coast. Swahili taarab, a form of sung poetry that emerged as East Africa's first mass-mediated popular music in the 1930s, is a famously cosmopolitan form, rich in audible influences from across the Indian Ocean. But the variants of the genre that emerged in the Kenyan coastal city of Mombasa during the twentieth century feature particularly dramatic, even flamboyant, appropriations of Indian and Arab sonic gestures and styles. Combining oral history, interpretive ethnography, and musical analysis, Sounds of Other Shores explores how Swahili-speaking Muslims in twentieth-century Mombasa derived pleasure and meaning from acts of transoceanic musical appropriation, arguing that these acts served as ways of reflecting on and mediating the complexities and contradictions associated with being "Swahili" in colonial and postcolonial Kenya. The result is a musical anthropology of Kenyan Swahili subjectivity that reframes longstanding questions about Swahili identity while contributing to broader discussions about identity and citizenship in Africa and the Indian Ocean world.

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