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  What Happened to Belén - The...

  Ana Elena Correa

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  ""There are many women like Belén whose names we don’t know, but whose stories are just as important. An uplifting chronicle of one woman’s fight for justice.""—Kirkus Reviews (starred review) 
  Foreword by Margaret Atwood 
  The heartbreaking true story of an Argentinian woman imprisoned for having a miscarriage—an injustice that galvanized a feminist movement and became a global rallying cry in the fight for reproductive rights. 
  In 2014, Belén, a twenty-five-year-old woman living in rural Argentina, went to the hospital for a stomachache—and soon found herself in prison. While at the hospital she had a miscarriage—without knowing she was pregnant. Because of the nation’s repressive laws surrounding abortion and reproductive rights, the doctors were forced to report her to the authorities. Despite her protestations, Belén was convicted and sentenced to two years for homicide. 
  Belén’s imprisonment is a glaring example of how women’s health care has become increasingly criminalized, putting the most vulnerable—BIPOC, rural, and low-income—women at greater risk of prosecution. Belén’s cause became the centerpiece of a movement to achieve greater protections for all women. After two failed attempts to clear her name, Belén met feminist lawyer Soledad Deza, who quickly rallied Amnesty International and ignited an international feminist movement around #niunamas—not one more—symbolized by thousands of demonstrators around the globe donning white masks, the same kind of mask Belén wore when leaving prison. The #niunamas movement was instrumental in pressuring Argentine president Alberto Fernández to decriminalize abortion in 2021.  
  In this gripping and personal account of the case and its impact on local law, Ana Correa, one of Argentina’s leading journalists and activists, makes clear that what happened to Belén could happen to any woman—and that we all have the power to raise our collective voices and demand change. 
  Translated by Julia Sanches

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  Somatic Experiencing - Healing...

  Vivian Westlake

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  Trauma is a deeply impactful event that can leave lasting scars on the body and mind. While traditionally associated with physical injury or life-threatening events, trauma also encompasses psychological and emotional experiences that overwhelm the body's ability to cope. These experiences can range from major events, such as accidents, abuse, or natural disasters, to more subtle forms of chronic stress and neglect. Regardless of the cause, trauma has profound effects on the nervous system and the way individuals experience the world around them. 
  When a person faces a traumatic event, their body enters a state of heightened alertness, preparing to respond with fight, flight, or freeze reactions. These responses are governed by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), which is responsible for managing involuntary bodily functions like heart rate, respiration, and digestion. In a traumatic situation, the ANS activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), triggering the fight or flight response to protect the individual. If neither response is possible, the freeze response takes over, which can lead to feelings of paralysis or disassociation. These instinctual reactions are designed to protect, but when the trauma is unresolved, the nervous system may remain stuck in a heightened state of alertness. 
  The effects of trauma are not just psychological but are also deeply physiological. When the body remains in this heightened state of arousal, it can disrupt the normal functioning of various bodily systems, leading to symptoms such as chronic pain, tension, digestive issues, or sleep disturbances. This state of dysregulation can also affect the brain, impairing areas responsible for memory, emotional regulation, and decision-making. The longer this state persists, the more difficult it becomes for the individual to return to a sense of normalcy, and the trauma can become entrenched in both the body and mind.

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  State of the Union 1987

  Ronald Reagan

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  The 1987 State of the Union Address delivered January 27, 1987, in the 200th anniversary year of the U.S. Constitution, notes dramatic improvements in the inflation rate, interest rates, housing starts, and the unemployment rate. Reagan regrets the Iran-Contra controversy and promises to get to the bottom of it and take whatever action is called for. 
  Though the Soviets transferred $75 billion in weapons to client-states like Syria, Vietnam, Cuba, Libya, Angola, Ethiopia, Afghanistan, and Nicaragua, the Congress cut administration requests for security assistance and defense. There “is no surer way to lose freedom than to lose our resolve.” As President Truman said: “International communism seeks to crush and undermine and destroy the independence of the Americas. We cannot let that happen here.” 
  Our Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI, “is the most positive and promising defense program we have undertaken. It's the path, for both sides, to a safer future -- a system that defends human life instead of threatening it.” 
  We support free trade and “expanding peaceful commerce across the world.” We remain opposed as ever to protectionism…” 
  The “federal deficit is outrageous.” We need “a constitutional amendment that mandates a balanced budget”. We need “a line-item veto so we can carve out the boondoggles and pork…” “We have deficits because big government spends too much.” 
  The U.S. Constitution “grew out of the most fundamental inspiration of our existence: that we are here to serve Him by living free -- that living free releases in us the noblest of impulses and the best of our abilities; that we would use these gifts for good and generous purposes and would secure them not just for ourselves and for our children but for all mankind.” 
  Audio recording courtesy of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. 
  AspenLeafMedia.com

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  The Amateur Hour - A History of...

  Jonathan Zimmerman

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  American college teaching is in crisis, or so we are told. But we've heard that complaint for the past 150 years, as critics have denounced the poor quality of instruction in undergraduate classrooms. Students daydream in gigantic lecture halls while a professor drones on, or they meet with a teaching assistant for an hour of aimless discussion. The modern university does not reward teaching, so faculty members at every level neglect it in favor of research and publication. In the first book-length history of American college teaching, Jonathan Zimmerman confirms but also contradicts these perennial complaints. Drawing upon a wide range of previously unexamined sources, The Amateur Hour shows how generations of undergraduates indicted the weak instruction they received. But Zimmerman also chronicles institutional efforts to improve it, especially by making teaching more "personal." As higher education grew into a gigantic industry, he writes, American colleges and universities introduced small-group activities and other reforms designed to counter the anonymity of mass instruction. They also experimented with new technologies like television and computers, which promised to "personalize" teaching by tailoring it to the individual interests and abilities of each student.But, Zimmerman reveals, the emphasis on the personal inhibited the professionalization of college teaching, which remains, ultimately, an amateur enterprise. The more that Americans treated teaching as a highly personal endeavor, dependent on the idiosyncrasies of the instructor, the less they could develop shared standards for it. Nor have they rigorously documented college instruction, a highly public activity which has taken place mostly in private. Pushing open the classroom door, The Amateur Hour illuminates American college teaching and frames a fresh case for restoring intimate learning communities, especially for America's least privileged students. Anyone who wants to change college teaching will have to start here.

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  Empires of India The: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  When one thinks of the world’s first cities, Sumer, Memphis, and Babylon are some of the first to come to mind, but if the focus then shifts to India, then Harappa and Mohenjo-daro will likely come up. These cities owe their existence to India’s oldest civilization, known as the Indus Valley Civilization or the Harappan Civilization, which was contemporary with ancient Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt and had extensive contacts with the former, making it one of the most important early civilizations in the world. 
  The dynasty that came to power in the late 4th century BCE is known today as the Mauryan Dynasty, and although the ruling family was short-lived and their power was ephemeral, its influence resonated for several subsequent centuries and spread as far east as China and into the Hellenistic west.  
  Bactria was the seat of several different kingdoms during the course of many centuries, but none were as successful as the Kushan Empire, the dominant political entity in Central Asia from the early 2nd century BCE until the early 3rd century CE, during which time the Kushan rulers played a major role in the first iteration of the trade networks known collectively as the Silk Road. 
  From 1206 to 1526, the Delhi Sultanate controlled all of northern India and, during its apogee of power, nearly all of the Sub-Continent, making it one of the most impressive empires not only in India’s long history, but also in the history of Islam. The Delhi Sultanate was comprised of five dynasties that expanded their borders, and Islam, at sword point, but also through diplomacy and trade.  
  The Mughals, a group with Turkish and Mongolian roots, adopted elements of Islamic culture and meshed them with native Indian culture and even Western European culture. When the British conquered India in the mid-19th century, they had the benefit of inheriting the Mughal system, a suitable template for rule over a land as vast and diverse as India.

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  Sprachenräume der Schweiz - Band...

  Johannes Kabatek, Barbara...

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  Das vorliegende Handbuch bietet eine umfassende Darstellung der Vielfalt der in der Schweiz bis in jüngste Zeit mündlich und schriftlich verwendeten Sprachen und Dialekte und der räumlichen und sozialen Bedingtheit ihres Auftretens. Es bezieht sich nicht ausschliesslich auf die Schweiz als viersprachiges Land, sondern geht neue Wege, indem es darüber hinaus das Englische sowie Sprachen berücksichtigt, deren heutige Präsenz in der Schweiz auf Migration beruht. Auch historische Sprachen und Dialekte, die in der Schweiz und im liechtensteinischen Sprachraum gesprochen werden, sowie die drei Schweizer Gebärdensprachen werden behandelt. Mit Ausblicken über die Schweiz hinaus bietet das Handbuch eine erweiterte Perspektive auf die Räume, die die Sprachen der Schweiz einnehmen. So wird das traditionelle Verständnis von Vielsprachigkeit um neue Aspekte und aktuelle Entwicklungen ergänzt.

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