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  Roald Amundsen: A short...

  5 Minutes, 5 Minute Biographies,...

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  Roald Amundsen, polar explorer and tragic hero: Life and work in a short biography! Everything you need to know, brief and concise. Infotainment, education and entertainment at its best!

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  History's Babel - Scholarship...

  Robert B. Townsend

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  From the late nineteenth century until World War II, competing spheres of professional identity and practice redrew the field of history, establishing fundamental differences between the roles of university historians, archivists, staff at historical societies, history teachers, and others. In History’s Babel, Robert B. Townsend takes us from the beginning of this professional shift—when the work of history included not just original research, but also teaching and the gathering of historical materials—to a state of microprofessionalization that continues to define the field today. Drawing on extensive research among the records of the American Historical Association and a multitude of other sources, Townsend traces the slow fragmentation of the field from 1880 to the divisions of the 1940s manifest today in the diverse professions of academia, teaching, and public history. By revealing how the founders of the contemporary historical enterprise envisioned the future of the discipline, he offers insight into our own historical moment and the way the discipline has adapted and changed over time. Townsend’s work will be of interest not only to historians but to all who care about how the professions of history emerged, how they might go forward, and the public role they still can play.

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  The Sayings of Mencius Book 1

  Mencius

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  The Sayings of Mencius has been revered for well over 2,000 years, and is arguably the most influential of the Si Shu (Four Books) which form the foundation of traditional Chinese education,'Master Meng' was born during the turbulent Warring States period, and was a tireless advocate of Confucian thought, defending and expanding its tenets as a means of achieving peaceful relations between individuals and competing kingdoms. The sage spent most of his life journeying from court to court, always seeking a Ruler sufficiently principled to apply his teachings. Few were found worthy.According to his philosophy, each of the fundamental Confucian virtues already exist within us as "sprouts" (especially jen (acting compassionately) and yi (doing what is morally correct). The Wise who cultivate these young shoots can achieve harmony, both within themselves, and in relation to their fellow beings. Human societies which follow this path will be fair, just and free of conflict.The Mencius is filled with a stunning variety of philosophical and political subjects. Discussions with warlords, disciples, and philosophical adversaries vie with pronouncements on duty, human nature, society and (a recurring theme) the evils of war. A book to return to again and again.

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  Jewish Language and Literature -...

  Joseph Arston

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  The origins of Jewish language and literature are deeply intertwined with the history of the Jewish people, shaped by centuries of cultural exchange, migration, and adaptation. At the heart of Jewish literary tradition lies the Hebrew language, whose roots stretch back to the ancient world. Hebrew, as the language of the Bible, forms the foundation of Jewish thought, identity, and religious practice. The earliest examples of Hebrew literature can be found in the sacred texts of the Torah, where the stories, laws, and teachings of the Jewish people are recorded. These texts, passed down through generations, have remained central to Jewish life and continue to be a source of literary and theological inspiration. 
  In addition to Hebrew, other languages played an important role in the development of Jewish language and literature. Aramaic, a Semitic language closely related to Hebrew, became widespread during the Babylonian exile and remained influential for centuries. Aramaic is the language of significant portions of the Talmud and other rabbinic writings, shaping Jewish legal and philosophical thought. Over time, Jewish communities across the globe adopted the languages of the regions they inhabited, which further contributed to the diversity of Jewish literary expression. 
  The emergence of Yiddish, a language born in the Jewish communities of Eastern Europe, marked a significant shift in Jewish linguistic and literary culture. Yiddish, a Germanic language enriched with Hebrew, Aramaic, and Slavic elements, became the vernacular of millions of Ashkenazi Jews. It allowed for the creation of a vibrant body of literature, including plays, novels, and poetry, that expressed the daily lives, struggles, and aspirations of Jewish communities. Yiddish literature flourished in the 19th and early 20th centuries, with writers such as Sholem Aleichem, Isaac Bashevis Singer, and I.L. Peretz capturing the complexities of Jewish life through their works.

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  Letters from Wales - Memories...

  Sam Adams

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  'Letters from Wales stands alone as an invaluable guide to Welsh writing.' – Sam Young, Wales Arts Review
  'In these columns, as impressive for their depth as they are for their intellectual breadth, Adams analyses the work of acclaimed Welsh writers ... with scholarly panache' – Joshua Rees, Buzz Magazine
  'illuminating and entertaining' – Jon Gower, Nation.Cymru
  Since 1996, Sam Adams's 'Letter from Wales' column has been appearing in PN Review, one of the most highly-regarded UK poetry magazines, offering insight and appreciation of Welsh writing, culture and history. This landmark volume collects these letters – a quarter century of work – and offers one of the most unique, independent and passionate critical voices on the writing and cultural output of Wales during this period.
  Here you will find erudite appreciations of the work of a wide range of recent and contemporary Welsh writers from Gillian Clarke to Roland Mathias, RS Thomas to Rhian Edwards. Alongside this, Adams offers us lyric essays to Welsh history, and clear-eyed examinations of the institutions of Welsh culture. Collected for the first time in this volume, the 'letters' are among the most significant and sustained attempts during this period to present Welsh writing to an audience throughout the UK and beyond.

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  The Sri Bhagavad Gita - German...

  Srila Vyasadev

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  “You have the right to work, but for the work's sake only. You have no right to the fruits of work. Desire for the fruits of work must never be your motive in working. Never give way to laziness, either. 
   
  Perform every action with you heart fixed on the Supreme Lord. Renounce attachment to the fruits. Be even-tempered in success and failure: for it is this evenness of temper which is meant by yoga. 
   
  Work done with anxiety about results is far inferior to work done without such anxiety, in the calm of self-surrender. Seek refuge in the knowledge of Brahma. They who work selfishly for results are miserable.” 
  ― Bhagavad Gita 
   
  This German-language edition of the Bhagavad Gita is a talk between prince Arjuna and his charioteer Krishna. At the start of a war between the Pandavas and Kauravas, Arjuna is filled with great despair about the violence the war will cause in the battle against his own kin. He wonders if he should renounce and seeks Krishna's counsel, whose answers constitute the Gita. Krishna counsels Arjuna to "fulfill his duty to uphold the Dharma" through "selfless action".The Krishna–Arjuna dialogues cover a broad range of spiritual topics, touching upon philosophical issues that go far beyond the war According to some, Bhagavad Gita was written by Lord Ganesha and was told to him by Vyasa.

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