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  Gladiators and Games - The...

  Rogan Fish

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  The origins of gladiatorial games can be traced back to the ancient Roman Republic, although their roots extend even further back into earlier civilizations. While the gladiatorial contests that are iconic today were popularized by the Romans, the initial concept of such games was deeply influenced by traditions and customs from earlier societies, especially the Etruscans. In fact, the Etruscans are often credited with introducing the practice of gladiatorial combat to the Roman world. 
  The earliest gladiatorial contests were likely held as part of funeral rites. Roman aristocrats and leaders believed that these violent spectacles would honor the deceased and ensure their passage into the afterlife. These games, known as munera, were originally private events, organized by wealthy individuals to display their power and wealth, while offering a form of public entertainment. The idea was that the bloodshed and valor shown by the fighters would symbolize a tribute to the dead and possibly even appease the spirits of the departed. The number of gladiators involved in these early contests was small, and the fights were often staged in temporary arenas. 
  The practice gradually evolved from being a private funeral tradition into a state-sponsored spectacle, especially during the 3rd century BCE, as the Republic expanded and began to look for ways to solidify its control over its vast territories. The games became a tool of political propaganda, used by ambitious politicians and generals to gain favor with the masses. By the time of the Roman Empire, these gladiatorial contests had grown to monumental proportions, with arenas like the Colosseum hosting thousands of spectators.

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  The Ethiopian Great Famine of...

  Sarah Willards

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  The Ethiopian Great Famine of 2000 was not an isolated event, but rather the culmination of a complex and interconnected set of factors rooted in the country's historical, environmental, and political landscape. To understand the origins of this crisis, it is essential to look back at Ethiopia’s long history of food insecurity and vulnerability to famine. While droughts have long been a natural part of Ethiopia’s climate cycles, the frequency and impact of famine have often been magnified by human elements, particularly governance and socio-economic structures. 
  In the years leading up to 2000, Ethiopia experienced several severe droughts, but the early signs of the looming crisis were evident by the late 1990s. Climatic shifts, including the failure of critical rainy seasons, devastated crop yields and dried up grazing lands, particularly in the country's eastern and southern regions. For a population heavily dependent on subsistence agriculture, these environmental changes meant immediate food shortages and a rapid decline in household resilience. What might have remained a regional hardship quickly evolved into a nationwide emergency due to the lack of sufficient preventative action. 
  Government response in the early stages was slow and limited by bureaucratic challenges and political distractions, including the aftermath of the Ethiopia-Eritrea war that ended in 2000. Resources were stretched thin, and infrastructure remained underdeveloped, particularly in rural areas where the famine was most severe. Early warning systems existed but were either underutilized or their signals ignored, contributing to the delayed mobilization of aid. The country’s centralization of power also complicated coordination with local authorities, which further hindered rapid intervention efforts.

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  The Cognitive Behavioral...

  EdD William J. Knaus, PhD Albert...

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  Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most widely used treatment for depression for one simple reason: it works. The CBT program in this workbook has helped thousands of listeners defeat the depressive thoughts and beliefs that keep them from enjoying life and feeling like themselves. The Cognitive Behavioral Workbook for Depression delivers evidence-based tools you can confidently use to start feeling better. 
   
   
   
  Once you have your depression symptoms under control, you will appreciate the additional information on preventing relapse that is special to this new edition. This workbook also includes twenty-five bonus tips from depression experts that can jump-start your recovery. Recommended by therapists nationwide, this workbook will help you bounce back from depression. 
   
   
   
  Includes exercises that will help you: 
   
   
   
  ● Move past the negative beliefs that keep you trapped in the depression cycle 
   
   
   
  ● Apply behavioral techniques that therapists use with their clients, such as activity scheduling 
   
   
   
  ● Discover effective ways to cope with feelings of stress, anxiety, and anger 
   
   
   
  ● Avoid procrastinating and learn to anchor the positive changes you make to maintain your progress

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  Book of the Ancient Greeks The:...

  Dorothy Mills, Cole Bolchoz

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  This book, like the first of the series the Book of the Ancient World, was used in its original manuscript form by one of my history classes. It carries on the story of the way in which man has been learning how to live from the time of the Coming of the Greeks to the loss of Greek independence in 146 B.C.The spirit of a nation is expressed and its history is recorded in three ways: in its political history, in its literature and in its art. The aim of this book has been to use such parts of the political history of the Greeks, of their literature and of their art as seem to have been the outward and visible signs of the spirit that inspired them.This book is only intended as an introduction to the history of Greek civilization, and the difficulty of my task has been to decide on what to omit. Everyone will not agree with me as to what I have taken and what I have left, but my aim will have been accomplished, if the book should create a desire to know something more of the great heritage which has come to us from the Greeks.

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  Colonialism - A Global History

  Lorenzo Veracini

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  Colonialism: A Global History interprets colonialism as an unequal relationship characterized by displacement and domination and reveals the ways in which this relationship has been constitutive of global modernity. 
   
   
   
  The volume focuses on colonialism's dynamism, adaptability, and resilience. It appraises a number of successive global colonial 'waves', each constituting a specific form of colonial domination, each different from the previous ones, each affecting different locales at different times, and each characterized by a particular method of exploiting colonized populations and territories. Outlining a succession of distinct colonizing conjunctures, and the ways in which they 'washed over' what is today understood as the 'Global South', shaping and reshaping institutions and prompting diverse responses from colonized communities, Colonialism: A Global History also outlines the contemporary relevance of this unequal relation. Overall, it provides an original definition of colonialism and tells the global history of this mode of domination’s evolution and reach. 
   
   
   
  The broad chronological and geographical scope makes this volume the ideal resource for all students and scholars interested in globalization, colonialism, and empire.

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  Summary of Miranda Devine's...

  Falcon Press

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  Buy now to get the main key ideas from Miranda Devine's Laptop from Hell 
    
  Joe Biden announced his candidacy for the 2020 presidential election, and two weeks later, his son Hunter left his laptop at a repair shop and never came back. In Laptop from Hell (2021), Miranda Devine exposes the contents of the abandoned laptop. Hunter’s life was falling apart in the spring of 2019. His brother Beau had died, he was deep into his crack addiction, and the money he had made from his shady business dealings abroad was inaccessible. Joe always claimed that he was not aware of any of Hunter’s business ventures, but Devine asserts that this has been proven untrue by the shocking contents of the laptop.

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