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  Structuralism - Philosophy and...

  Hector Davidson

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  Structuralism is an intellectual movement that emerged in the early to mid-20th century, primarily influenced by the works of linguists, anthropologists, and philosophers. Its foundational premise is that human culture, including language, myths, and social institutions, can be understood through underlying structures that govern them. These structures are not always immediately visible but influence how individuals and societies behave, think, and organize themselves. 
  At its core, structuralism asserts that elements of human culture must be studied in relation to one another within a larger system. For example, language can only be fully understood when the relationships between words and their meanings are considered. This perspective contrasts with earlier intellectual traditions that focused on individual elements, seeking meaning through isolated concepts. Instead, structuralism emphasizes the interconnections and patterns that form the basis of human existence. 
  The intellectual origins of structuralism can be traced back to the work of Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. In his work, Saussure argued that language is a system of signs, each of which acquires meaning not by its inherent qualities but through its relationship to other signs. His concept of the "signifier" (the word or symbol) and the "signified" (the concept or meaning) set the stage for structuralist thought. Saussure’s approach highlighted the importance of studying language as a system of differences, where meanings are produced not in isolation but in opposition to other meanings.

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  Spinoza - Freedom's Messiah

  Ian Buruma

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  Ian Buruma explores the life and death of Baruch Spinoza, the Enlightenment thinker whose belief in freedom of thought and speech resonates in our own time 
   
   
    
  Baruch (Benedictus) Spinoza (1632–1677) was a radical free thinker who led a life guided by strong moral principles despite his disbelief in an all-seeing God. Seen by many as Satan's disciple during his lifetime, Spinoza has been regarded as a secular saint since his death. Many contradictory beliefs have been attached to his name: rationalism or metaphysics, atheism or pantheism, liberalism or despotism, Jewishness or anti-Semitism. However, there is no question that he viewed freedom of thought and speech as essential to an open and free society. 
   
   
    
  In this insightful account, the award-winning author Ian Buruma stresses the importance of the time and place that shaped Spinoza, beginning with the Sephardim of Amsterdam and followed by the politics of the Dutch Republic. Though Spinoza rejected the basic assumptions of his family's faith, and was consequently expelled from his Sephardic community, Buruma argues that Spinoza did indeed lead a modern Jewish life. To Heine, Hess, Marx, Freud, and no doubt many others today, Spinoza exemplified how to be Jewish without believing in Judaism. His defense of universal freedom is as important for our own time as it was in his.

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  A Rare Recording of Bobby Seale...

  Bobby Seale

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  Robert George Seale (born October 22, 1936) is an African American revolutionary, political activist and author. Seale is widely known for co-founding the Marxist–Leninist and black power political organization the Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) with fellow activist Huey P. Newton to monitor police activities and challenge police brutality in black communities, first in Oakland, California, and later in cities throughout the United States. Seale was also one of the “Chicago Eight” defendants, charged by the US government with conspiracy charges related to anti-Vietnam War protests in Chicago during the 1968 Democratic National Convention, later called the “Chicago seven” when Seale's case was severed from the other defendants. After which, the government declined to retry Seale on the conspiracy charges, and he was never convicted in the case.

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  Civil War Ghost Trails - Stories...

  Mark Nesbitt

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  Riveting ghost stories with history from all the major engagements of the war.Civil War Ghost Trails examines the major engagements of the Civil War and their connections to the paranormal world. The history of each battlefield is followed by the classic ghost stories that have been around since the guns fell silent. Mark Nesbitt also collected newer stories and attempted a paranormal investigation, including Electronic Voice Phenomena (EVP), at many of the sites to see what could be found. In some cases, the results were astounding.  Some of the spirits included in the book are the Headless Zouave at Bull Run, the Drummer Boy at Shiloh, and the Phantom Battalion at Gettysburg. Ghosts appear at the Bloody Lane at Antietam and Caroline Street in Fredericksburg, as well as sites at Chancellorsville, Vicksburg, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Petersburg, and Appomattox Court House. A special section of the book explores the haunted Civil War prisons at Johnson’s Island in Ohio, Point Lookout in Maryland, and Andersonville in Georgia. Abraham Lincoln’s many White House apparitions are discussed in a section on wartime Washington, D.C.

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  Cali Expanded City-Region: A...

  Autores Varios

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  The analytical approaches to studying the region are diverse and evolve as research products appear, as a result of modern systems for collecting, processing and integrating information from the various disciplines. Studies based on political and administrative boundaries, very common in the nineteenth century, move towards the positivist approaches of the twentieth century based on the distribution and organization of demographic and economic factors. Afterwards, the population and its social conditions in terms of infrastructure, economic level and social status are the main object of studies on the regions. The conceptualization of these approaches to study the region enters into crisis with the most recent trends of globalization on industrial and urban geographies (Veltz, 1996; 2008), more visible since the eighties in the last century. The city expands until it overflows into areas without political administrative jurisdiction, giving rise to an urban-rural territorial continuum due to population flows seeking residence, employment, or flows of goods and services. In addition, new territorial identities are built because of ethnic-racial and cultural diversity, and companies are offered new territories to relocate in the midst of this territorial continuum. The rural space is transformed into a new structure and dynamic of economic, social and urban occupation, without necessarily disappearing territories of peasant character in the margins of the region, though they are more articulated to the urban dynamics of the region.

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  Narcissist - The Complete Guide...

  Lisa Kennedy

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  Do you know that people with Chronic narcissistic personality disorder abuse other persons emotionally, physically, sexually and financially? 
  Are you aware that living around a narcissist sociopath can have destructive consequences? 
  The narcissistic abuse might take the form of little insults, physical violence and sometimes deadly attacks. In a relationship with a narcissist, you might occasionally even doubt your own reality. Narcissists have good command on manipulative maneuvers and they want to improve their own image while demeaning others. True narcissists are often masters of manipulation and control. One classic example of narcissism is gas lighting. It is a form of psychological abuse. Your emotions may be downplayed or belittled by narcissists. Power and control are essential to the narcissist's sense of significance. Narcissists often take advantage of empathy. They typically see individuals as objects rather than as whole beings with needs and emotions. It's acceptable to feel terrified or outraged when you learn that you've been dealing with narcissistic abuse. 
  You can get away from narcissistic abuse and heal yourself by:Accepting that you are living with a narcissistReassessing your sense of self-worth and self-esteemBuilding on your strengths and positive traitsFocusing on your self-careRelaxing, eating well and exercising 
  This book discusses all the techniques which are employed by narcissists to abuse and manipulate people. Moreover, we have described in detail various ways to cope with the narcissistic behavior and abuse, and thus live a stress-free life. 
  So what are you waiting for? Click on the buy button and get your copy now!

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