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  Captain John Franklin and Sir...

  Editors Charles River

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  After the discovery of the Americas, several European countries were interested in finding the route, and nations from France to Spain sent out explorers searching for the mysterious route. While these voyages did not reveal the hoped for route, they did result in large parts of both North and South America being mapped, and as more of the new land mass was determined, the parameters of the search for such a route were narrowed. By the 18th century, explorers began to seek such a route to the north, looking for the legendary Northwest Passage.  
  	Eventually, some countries lost interest, but England remained determined, and the masters of the waves continued to send ship after ship and crew after crew across the Atlantic. By the early 19th century, the search was taking expeditions to the Arctic, and each time a team returned to England telling stories of how it was stymied by ice or bad weather, another team confidently went out, certain that it would be the one to make it through.  
  	This ultimately led to the voyage of Captain John Franklin, who left Britain in 1845 for the Arctic in the hopes of completing mapping the Northwest Passage. Instead of returning with spices and silks, Franklin and his men disappeared, leaving behind them a mystery that plagued the English conscience for decades. Ironically, the ill-fated trip only became more legendary when its mystery was solved than it was when it remained a curiosity. It was a tale of ice and cold, starvation and desperation, and a tragically fatal one.  
  	Shackleton’s place in history is not the one he set out to make, but his extraordinary deeds have made his contributions to early exploration of Antarctica indelible. Despite the victor’s wreath eventually going to another, Shackleton’s name is essential to any discussion of Antarctic exploration, based on personal heroism more than logistical triumphs.

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  Byzantium: The History of the...

  Editors Charles River

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  Byzantium may have reached its zenith during the Middle Ages as Constantinople, but it had previously stood out among Greek and other ancient cities for its wealth, size, and strategic location. It is probable that given the location, if the Megarans had not founded their city where they did, another Greek polis would have. It is equally probable that any city in that area would have enjoyed success from the wealth generated from its involvement in the key two-way trade between the Greek states and their numerous colonies around the Black Sea and the increasing general east-west trade between the Roman Empire and the exotic lands to the east.  
  Byzantium’s position as guardian of the Bosphorus gave it advantages that stood the city in good stead for thousands of years and consolidated the city as an intercontinental and international trading hub. Inevitably, such a vibrant international center produced many creative thinkers, and Byzantium was the birthplace or home to such figures as Homerus, a tragedian who lived in the early 3rd century BCE. Another overlooked figure was Philo, an engineer who lived from 280-220 BCE and is known as Philo Mechanicus. Although he was primarily an engineer, he was also a physicist and writer on mechanics. His most important work was the huge Syntaxis, which contained sections on general mathematics, mechanics, harbor construction, siege engine construction, pneumatics, mechanical toys, and coding for military use. The military sections Belopoeica and Poliorcetica survived, and they detailed how to build missiles, construct fortresses, and how to properly provision an army.

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  Modern Japan - From Isolation to...

  Rolf Hedger

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  This meticulously researched work chronicles the dramatic evolution of Japanese society, politics, and culture across five crucial periods that shaped modern Japan. 
  The Edo Period (1603-1868) sets the stage for Japan's modernization, examining the isolationist Sakoku policy that limited foreign contact for over two centuries. Explore how this era of peace under Tokugawa rule fostered a unique urban culture, flourishing arts, and a complex social hierarchy. 
  The Meiji Era (1868-1912) unveils Japan's remarkable metamorphosis following the fall of the shogunate. Witness the rapid industrialization, constitutional monarchy, and wholesale adoption of Western technologies and institutions that transformed Japan. 
  The Taisho Era (1912-1926), though brief, represents a critical period of liberalization and cultural experimentation. Discover the blossoming of democratic ideals, the emergence of "Taisho democracy," and the cultural renaissance that saw Western influences blend with traditional Japanese aesthetics during this often-overlooked chapter of Japanese history. 
  The Showa Era (1926-1989) encompasses Japan's most tumultuous and consequential decades, from militarism and war to miraculous economic recovery. Follow Japan's journey through ultranationalism, World War II, Allied occupation, and its stunning rise as an economic superpower. 
  Imperial Japan (1868-1945) examines the nation's complex imperial period, from the restoration of Emperor Meiji to the aftermath of World War II. Understand the interplay between ancient imperial traditions and modern state-building that fueled Japan's rise as a colonial power and its fateful path to war. 
  Richly illustrated and accessibly written, this definitive five-in-one volume offers both newcomers and Japan enthusiasts a comprehensive understanding of the forces that shaped modern Japan.

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  History of Russia - Catherine II...

  Days of History

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  Introducing "History of Russia: Catherine II to the Revolution of 1905-1906". 
  - The Second Volume in Our "Russia's Epic Saga: A Journey Through Time" Series. 
  Immerse yourself in the captivating world of Russia's past with the second book in our enthralling Russian history series. This book transports you to an era of profound transformation, where visionary rulers and revolutionary ideas shaped the course of Russian history. 
  Witness the reign of Catherine the Great, a powerful and ambitious leader who modernized Russia and expanded its territories. Delve into the 19th century, an era marked by an intellectual ferment, social upheaval, and the growing call for change. Discover the events that culminated in the Revolution of 1905-1906, a turning point that paved the way for the momentous Russian Revolution. 
  "History of Russia: Catherine II to the Revolution of 1905-1906" masterfully weaves together vivid storytelling with insightful analysis, offering readers a comprehensive and engaging account of this critical period in Russia's development. Accessible and informative, this book is perfect for history enthusiasts and newcomers alike. 
  Don't miss the opportunity to explore Russia's fascinating past. Order your copy of "History of Russia: Catherine II to the Revolution of 1905-1906" today, and continue your journey through our captivating "Russia's Epic Saga: A Journey Through Time" series.

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  Famous Men of the Middle Ages

  A. B. Poland, John Henry Haaren

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  “Famous Men of the Middle Ages” features attractive biographical sketches of thirty-five of the most prominent characters in the history of the Middle Ages, from the barbarian invasions to the invention of the printing press. Each story in this book by John Haaren is told in a clear, simple manner, and is well calculated to awaken and stimulate the youthful imagination. Notable characters featured in “Famous Men of the Middle Ages” include Attila the Hun, Charlemagne, William the Conqueror, Frederick Barbarossa, Marco Polo, and William Tell. This book also includes a chapter about one woman: Joan of Arc. This book provides a great introduction to the Middle Ages, not only for children, but for adults who missed out on studying some of the more fascinating figures during this time period. John Haaren, who also wrote Famous Men of Greece, Famous Men of Rome, and Famous Men of the Middle Ages, was an American educator and historian. Haaren's father was German and his mother Irish. He studied under Professor N. M. Butler at Columbia University, 1889-91, before becoming a teacher in New York. In 1907 he became Associate Superintendent of Schools in New York, increasing the number and efficiency of kindergartens and starting classes to teach English to foreigners. He was president of the department of pedagogy in the Brooklyn Institute. Haaren High School which was located in Manhattan named in his honor. The Charles B. J. Snyder-designed school, which was initially De Witt Clinton High School, is now Haaren Hall on the campus of the John Jay College of Criminal Justice.

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  How to Be Kind

  Olivia Werner

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  [How to Be Kind] delves into the intricate nature of compassion through a richly layered exploration of human connection. With the precision of a poet and the insight of a philosopher, this guide illuminates the subtle art of kindness in all its forms—from the gentle power of listening to the profound impact of small, everyday gestures. Unlike conventional self-help books, it weaves together psychological understanding with literary sensitivity, examining how tiny moments of consideration can reshape our relationships, our communities, and ultimately, ourselves. Through chapters that read like intimate conversations, the book unravels the complexities of empathy, vulnerability, and patience, offering a nuanced perspective on what it truly means to navigate the world with an open heart.

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