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  Mesoamerican Warfare: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  Throughout history, warfare has played an important role in the development of many cultures around the world, and Mesoamerica is no exception. As J.M. Francis and T.M. Leonard noted, “The history of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica was one of violence, though no more so than that of any other region of the ancient world. It was a universe of shifting alliances and mutual antagonisms, in which increasingly strong political entities forged themselves and then broke apart.” 
  	Of course, the history of warfare in Mesoamerica is a long one, tracing its origins back to the Preclassic period with the Olmecs, who were the first group to expand their influence. There is clear evidence they had a military development, but it seems to have been mainly focused on protecting their trade networks instead of on conquest. After the Olmecs, Teotihuacan rose as the first main center of military expansion during the Classic period, extending its influence across Mesoamerican territory. After its collapse, the vacuum of power created an unstable period, and new expanding polities emerged, including Cacaxtla, Xochicalco, and Tula. They became important regional centers that took control of most of central Mesoamerica through the use of military interventions. After their decline, during the Postclassic period, the Aztecs eventually emerged as the dominant empire in Mesoamerica and continued expanding their control and influence until the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. 
  	Perhaps not surprisingly, there are many misconceptions about Prehispanic warfare, so it is important to keep in mind that military conflicts in Mesoamerica were greatly diverse and cannot be summarized by simply analyzing Aztec militarism.

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  Defend Us in Battle - Catholic...

  James Hagerty, Barry Hudd

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  The Catholic Church has always had regard for the spiritual and pastoral welfare of those in the military and for centuries priests have ministered to armed forces personnel in war and in peace.
  
   
  Chaplains have served and continue to serve all branches of the British armed forces. The size and organization of the military and the nature of warfare has been transformed, but the chaplain’s vocation remains unchanged. Defend Us In Battle traces the growth and development of Catholic chaplaincy to British armed forces from the seventeenth to the twenty-first century.
  
   
  Taking as its starting point the emergence of a recognized system of military chaplaincy established by the Society of Jesus in Reformation Europe, this wide-ranging survey considers the ministry of chaplains through succeeding centuries. It relates the struggles that Catholic soldiers and sailors endured with British officialdom before being granted their own chaplains.
  
   
  Defend Us In Battle describes the ministry of priests who over the centuries and across the world have voluntarily provided Catholic service personnel with the solace of religion far away from home and frequently in danger. There emerges a powerful narrative of priestly service not always known or recognized by those outside the military. 

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  Credit Score - The Beginners...

  Jordan Riches

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  If you want to improve your credit rating, then keep reading. 
  The credit score is a fundamental aspect in your financial life. 
  Having a good rating means being able to raise capital at your will, with low interest rates and at your own terms. 
  Life is easier if your credit score is good: need money to buy an house or a new investment? Just go and get them. 
  But, unluckily, life is not always fair and sometimes your credit score can be lower than you deserve. 
  No worries: there are precise methods and techniques to improve your rating and gain access to first-class financial treatment. 
    
  With this book you will discover... 
  ▸ What is credit score and how it's measured 
  ▸ The basics of FICO and VantageScore ratings 
  ▸ How does credit score work for businesses? 
  ▸ What are the benefits of a good rating 
  ▸ What factors are affecting your credit score 
  ▸ How to check your records for free 
  ▸ How to build a good credit score - even from zero! 
  ▸ Techniques to maximize your rating 
  ▸ Mistakes that will break your credit score in no time! 
  ▸ How to work with counselors and advisors

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  Haircuts by Children and Other...

  Darren O'Donnell

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  A cultural planner's immodest proposal: change how we think about children and we just might change the world.
     
  We live in an ‘adultitarian’ state, where the rules are based on very adult priori- ties and understandings of reality. Young people are disenfranchised and power- less; they understand they’re subject to an authoritarian regime, whether they buy into it or not. But their unique perspectives also offer incredible potential for social, cultural and economic innovation.
     
  Cultural planner and performance director Darren O’Donnell has been collaborating with children for years through his company, Mammalian Diving Reflex; their most well-known piece, Haircuts by Children (exactly what it sounds like) has been performed internationally. O’Donnell suggests that working with children in the cultural industries in a manner that maintains a large space for their participation can be understood as a pilot for a vision of a very different role for young people in the world – one that the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child considers a ‘new social contract.’
     
  Haircuts by Children is a practical proposal for the inclusion of children in as many realms as possible, not only as an expression of their rights, but as a way to intervene in the world and to disrupt the stark economic inequalities perpetuated by the status quo. Deeply practical and wildly whimsical, Haircuts by Children might actually make total sense.
     
  ‘No other playwright working in Toronto right now has O’Donnell’s talent for synthesizing psychosocial, artistic and political random thoughts and reflections into compelling analyses ... The world (not to mention the theatre world) could use more of this, if only to get us talking and debating.’
     
  – The Globe and Mail

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  Mysterious Losses of the USS...

  Editors Charles River

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  In April 1963, one of the most advanced U.S. hunter-killer nuclear submarines and the 129 men onboard vanished while on a routine voyage. The USS Thresher was one of the country’s most advanced ships, but it had the misfortune of becoming the first American nuclear submarine to be lost at sea, prompting obvious questions over what had happened. Had it accidentally collided with a Soviet ship? Was it destroyed by a new and secret Soviet weapon? Was it secretly captured and taken back to the Soviet Union to reveal its secrets? 
  For those who choose to make the careers as submariners, there is no more beloved service. That is, one hopes, how it was for the 99 men who were serving on the USS Scorpion on May 22, 1968, the fateful day the submarine is believed to have sank. It appears that the crew members died quickly, but however it happened, the grief experienced by their family members dragged on for decades, exacerbated both by the Navy’s lack of information about the submarine’s final moments and the government’s unwillingness to share what little knowledge it had. 
  It is easy in hindsight to criticize the military for its secrecy, but it must be remembered that the Scorpion disappeared at the height of the Cold War, and therefore, little could be said publicly about its fate. Coincidentally, 3 other nuclear submarines suffered mysterious sinkings the same year, and the Cold War adversaries were interested in locating them and gleaning any secrets or technology that they could from the other side’s bad luck. Indeed, it was only after the fall of the Soviet Union that the truth could be told, bringing closure to family members and a dark lesson in espionage to the American people.

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  Dustin Mark Poems The: 1-100 -...

  Dustin Mark

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  Dustin Mark was held captive in a basement with no access to the outside world. He didn’t know when he would be released, or even if he would be released at all. With little to live for, he turned to poetry, and suddenly: everything to live for. 
  The Dustin Mark Poems: 1-100: 100 Poems That No Longer Need to Be Written is the product of a man left with nothing but his own thoughts and his own spirit.

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