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Apocalypse judaïque d'Esdras - cover

Apocalypse judaïque d'Esdras

Institut de recherche scripturale

Maison d'édition: Digital Ink Productions

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Synopsis

Au cours des premiers siècles de l'ère chrétienne, un certain nombre de textes appelés Apocalypse d'Esdras circulaient parmi les juifs, les chrétiens, les gnostiques et d'autres groupes religieux apparentés. L'original aurait été rédigé en judaïsme ou en araméen et est communément appelé Apocalypse juive d'Esdras, car on pense qu'Esdras était un ancien judaïste. Cette traduction est appelée Apocalypse judaïque d'Esdras, car le livre n'a rien à voir avec le judaïsme moderne. Cette version de l'Apocalypse a été traduite en grec quelque temps avant l'an 200 de notre ère et a été largement diffusée au sein des premières églises chrétiennes. Dans ce livre, il est affirmé que le prophète Esdras a écrit 904 livres, et sa popularité semble avoir inspiré de nombreuses Apocalypses d'Esdras de l'ère chrétienne, à commencer vraisemblablement par l'Apocalypse « latine » d'Esdras qui prétendait être le « deuxième livre du prophète Esdras. » Ce prophète Esdras n'est pas le scribe Esdras des livres d'Esdras, mais un prophète nommé Salathiel qui a vécu quelques siècles plus tôt. Dans l'apocalypse, il est appelé Esdras par l'ange Uriel, ce qui se traduit par « aide » ou « assistant. »L'Apocalypse judaïque d'Esdras a été adoptée sous divers noms dans les bibles de la plupart des anciennes églises avant la Réforme protestante. Au 4ᵉ siècle, elle a été appelée 3ᵉ Esdras par l'archevêque Ambroise (Aurelius Ambrosius) de Milan, qui l'a numérotée dans l'ordre après les 1ᵉʳ et 2ᵉ Esdras de la Septante. Ce nom continue d'être utilisé dans les bibles orthodoxes orientales slaves, arméniennes et géorgiennes, mais Jérôme (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus) a rejeté la majorité des livres attribués à Esdras lorsqu'il a traduit la Bible latine originale, la Vulgate. À l'époque, un grand nombre d'Apocalypses d'Esdras circulaient, dont la plupart avaient été écrites récemment, et en raison de cette confusion, Jérôme a rejeté tous les livres autres que le 2ᵉ Esdras de la Septante, pour lequel il existait une traduction hébraïque qui pouvait être utilisée à des fins de comparaison. Ce livre a ensuite été divisé en deux livres, Esdras et Néhémie, sur la base de la division interne du texte.En 1592, la création d'une Bible catholique par le pape Clément VIII a ajouté le 1ᵉʳ et le 3ᵉ Esdras à la Bible catholique sous les noms de 3ᵉ et 4ᵉ Esdras. Lors de la Réforme protestante, les livres du 3ᵉ et du 4ᵉ Esdras ont été renommés 1ᵉʳ et 2ᵉ Esdras, comme ils continuent d'être répertoriés dans les Bibles protestantes qui les incluent.Malheureusement, la traduction latine de l'Apocalypse d'Esdras que Clément a ajoutée à la Vulgate catholique incluait l'Apocalypse latine d'Esdras, plus courte, ce qui fait que les Bibles catholiques et protestantes ont des versions plus longues et contradictoires de l'Apocalypse par rapport aux Bibles orthodoxes. La traduction latine de l'Apocalypse judaïque d'Esdras a circulé pendant des siècles sans l'ajout de l'Apocalypse latine d'Esdras, plus courte, comme en témoigne la traduction slave, dont on pense qu'elle a été traduite à partir du latin et non du grec.
Disponible depuis: 18/04/2025.
Longueur d'impression: 94 pages.

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