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  Longbow The: The History of the...

  Editors Charles River

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  While the bow was used throughout ancient times and the Middle Ages, on mainland Europe it was mostly replaced by the crossbow in the early 13th century, but that would change with the introduction of the longbow, a more powerful weapon than the traditional hunting bows. The original longbowmen were Welshmen recruited by King Edward I of England after he conquered Wales, and the weapon got its name from the fact that it was almost as tall as the man using it. This gave it a longer draw and therefore more force, as longbows were generally made of yew, a strong and pliable wood. The longbow was cheap and easy to make, but they required extensive training to be used well, so in England, commoners were encouraged and at times required to practice archery. A statute of Richard II dating from 1388 reads, “Servants and Laborers shall have Bows and Arrows, and use the same the Sundays and Holydays, and leave all playing at tennis or foot-ball, and other games called coits, dice, casting of the stone, kaikles [skittles], and other such importune games.” 
  	The longbow’s greatest day was at Agincourt in 1415, but the fact that this did not end the age of heavy plate cavalry indicated the longbow did have some limitations. For example, modern tests show that longbow arrows had trouble piercing plate armor, likely the main reason they were used as a massed weapon. With arrows raining down, it increased the chances of hitting a joint in the armor or an imperfection. Also, horse armor couldn’t protect the entire animal and the knights would soon find themselves dismounted. At some battles like Agincourt, the knights foundered in soft earth, and as their horses fell and the men became confused and hampered by the arrows clanking off their armor, they got mired in the mud and the English infantry could move in and finish them off. 

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  Yugoslavian Genocide - Causes...

  Kelly Mass

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  The Yugoslavian Genocide is hard to explain. So many factors have contributed to the war, and eventually, the genocide in Bosnia, that many UN soldiers didn’t even know what to do with it. A lack of response, though, made the problem worse. And looking back on some of the cowardice and indifference, I’m sure many countries involved would like to go back in time and do it over. A combination of historical aspects such as the division of religion, the world wars, the Iron Curtain, and the fall of the Soviet Union were part of what led to a conflict that lasted for years in this sensitive region in Europe. 
  Throughout the Bosnian War of 1992-- 1995, the Yugoslavian or Bosnian genocide describes either the Srebrenica massacre or the larger criminal activities against mankind and ethnic cleaning project performed by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) in areas controlled by the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) More than 8,000 Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) men and boys were killed in Srebrenica in the year 1995, while another 25,000-- 30,000 Bosniak people were by force expelled. 
  Bosniaks and Bosnian Croats were targeted in ethnic cleaning in VRS-controlled areas. Extermination, illegal confinement, mass rape, sexual assault, abuse, ransack and damage of personal and public property, and inhumane treatment of people; targeting of politicians, intellectuals, and experts; illegal deportation and transfer of citizens; illegal appropriation and plunder of real and personal effects; damage of houses and services The activities met the requirements for "guilty acts" of genocide, and "certain physical criminals had the purpose to physically get rid of the safeguarded populations of Bosnian Muslims and Croats," according to the report. 
  Let’s take a look at what happened, what caused it, and what it led to.

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  Jewish-Roman Wars The: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  Judea is one of the most important regions in the modern world. It is the center of two of the world’s great religions and extremely important to a 3rd. Politically, the whole area is the focus of conflict between Jews and Arabs, as well as different Muslim sects. Its history is littered with wars, insurrections, and religious revolutions. To say that it has had a turbulent past is to understate the case in the extreme.  
  	The history of Judea is, of course, inextricably linked to the history of the Jewish people, their dispersal throughout the Mediterranean world, and their reestablishment of the modern state of Israel in the wake of the horrors of the Holocaust. And among all the tumultuous events associated with Jewish history, few can rival the period of Roman rule during the 1st century A.D., when Roman attempts to suppress Jewish nationalism met with violent resistance. Ultimately, the Romans forcibly removed much of the Jewish population from the region, setting the scene for later events that have impacted so directly on world history. Events in the region during the 1st century A.D. also brought about the birth of Christianity, a religious movement that has been at the forefront of European history ever since.  
  	 The small area around Jerusalem was originally known to the ancient Greeks as Ioudaioi, hence the name Judea. An Iron Age kingdom is said, in the Bible, to have existed as a successor to the United Kingdom of Israel, which, it is claimed, existed from approximately 1010-930 B.C.. Two kingdoms, Judah in the south and Israel in the north, co-existed uneasily, with frequent outbreaks of war between them in the following years. Judah was invaded by the Egyptian Pharaoh, Shishak, in the 5th year of Rehoboam’s reign, and Jerusalem was sacked. Rehoboam gave the Egyptians all of the nation’s treasure and became an Egyptian vassal. 

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  Law Overload: The Hidden Human...

  Elliot Voss

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  Law Overload: The Hidden Human Cost 
    
  ⭐⭐ Simplified Audio Guide ⭐⭐ 
  Are you curious about the profound impact of excessive laws on our daily lives?   
  Do you need a comprehensive guide that elucidates the hidden human costs of legal overload?   
  Your search ends here!   
  This audiobook serves as your definitive companion for deepening your understanding, expanding your knowledge, and engaging in thought-provoking analysis. Get ready to uncover the realities behind the veil of legal complexities.   
  Updated for the latest structures and analysis methodologies.   
  Key features of this enriched guide:   
  - Profound insights about the impact of excessive laws on human lives 
  - Detailed explanation of various legal complexities 
  - Effective strategies for understanding and analyzing the hidden costs of over-regulation   
  Our guide distinguishes itself through in-depth coverage, which is essential for grasping the true essence of legal overload. Concepts aren't merely skimmed; they are delved into with precision.   
  Please note that this audiobook is not affiliated with any official legal entity and is purely an independent resource for your benefit.   
  Designed with a clear structure and easy-to-understand language, "Law Overload: The Hidden Human Cost" ensures smooth transitions between topics. Say goodbye to dense jargon and welcome clear, precise, and technically accurate content.   
  So, why wait? Click the BUY NOW button, secure your guide, and begin your journey to understanding the profound human cost of excessive laws!

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  Mermaid Magic And Symbolism

  Niina Niskanen

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  Immerse yourself in the captivating world of mermaids and the rich layers of their mythological symbolism. This audiobook explores the timeless allure of these aquatic enchantresses, revealing their connections to ancient wisdom, spiritual archetypes, and the mysteries of the deep. Perfect for lovers of mythology, metaphysics, and transformative storytelling, Mermaid Magic and Symbolism is a journey into realms of wonder and wisdom.Mermaid Symbolism: Guardians of Transformation 
  Dive into the profound meanings behind mermaids, from their roles as guardians of transformation to their connection to water as a symbol of intuition, emotion, and healing. Learn how these mythical beings embody the duality of freedom and mystery, inspiring personal growth and spiritual exploration.Atlantis: The Lost City and Its Oceanic Secrets 
  Explore the legendary city of Atlantis, its lore intertwined with mermaid mythology. Uncover theories about Atlantis's fall, its metaphysical significance, and the wisdom it offers to modern seekers striving to balance human advancement with harmony and sustainability.The Wise Woman Archetype: The Mermaid as Mentor 
  Discover how the mermaid aligns with the archetype of the Wise Woman, a figure of inner strength, intuition, and guidance. Delve into the feminine power she represents, offering wisdom for navigating the complexities of life while embracing empowerment and grace. 
  Why Listen to This Audiobook?Expand Your Knowledge: Gain deep insights into mythological and spiritual traditions.Connect Spiritually: Reflect on how mermaid symbolism can inspire personal transformation and emotional healing.Unlock Mysteries: Journey into the enigmatic lore of Atlantis and connect it to modern spiritual practices.

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  Moors in Italy The: The History...

  Editors Charles River

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  The term Moor is a historical rather than an ethnic name. It is an invention of European Christians for the Islamic inhabitants of Maghreb (North Africa), Andalusia (Spain), Sicily and Malta, and was sometimes use to designate all Muslims. It is derived from Mauri, the Latin name for the Berbers who lived in the Roman province of Mauretania. 
  	The Berbers established several powerful and prosperous states on the south Mediterranean coast. They ruled Numidia – now part of Algeria – until conquered by the Carthaginians. After the fall of Carthage, the Berber kingdom of Mauretania –not to be confused with the country created by the French – dominated northwestern Africa before it was conquered by Rome in the 1st century BCE. Under Roman rule they made great contributions to civilization and were certainly not the wild, untamed tribesmen of popular imagination. Augustine, Bishop of Hippo regius in Numidia, was a Berber and one of the greatest philosophers and theologians not only of his own time but of all time. The list of religious leaders drawn from the Berbers includes Tertullian, Popes Victor I, Miltiades and Gelasius I and the heresiarch Arius. The playwright Terence was a Berber, as were several noted Roman governors and three emperors.  
  	As the Roman Empire in the West collapsed, the Berbers succumbed to the Vandals, a Germanic tribe from Europe, in the 5th century CE. However, the Eastern Roman Empire, centered in Constantinople rather than Rome, underwent something of a renewal, and the whole of the African coast from the Sinai Peninsula to the Straits of Gibraltar returned to Byzantine rule. With that, the Berbers were once again subject to a foreign power, but soon they would exchange their new masters for another, the Arabs, who would bring a new religion, Islam. Through Islam the Berbers would once again come into their own and influence the course of Mediterranean history as their ancient ancestors had done.

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