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  Childhood Obesity - Causes...

  Max Editorial

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  Childhood obesity is a growing public health problem involving excessive accumulation of body fat in children and adolescents. This condition is one of the most pressing concerns today, given its substantial impact on the health and well-being of younger generations. This chapter will discuss the definition and prevalence of childhood obesity, as well as highlight the importance of the topic in the context of public health.Definition and Prevalence of Childhood ObesityChildhood obesity is characterized by excess body weight that is associated with health risks. It is often assessed using the body mass index (BMI), which takes into account the relationship between weight and height. When the BMI of a child or adolescent is above the established limits for their age group, they are considered obese. However, it is worth mentioning that childhood obesity is not just an aesthetic problem, but a health issue that is closely linked to a number of medical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and musculoskeletal disorders.The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased dramatically in recent decades. It has become a global phenomenon, affecting both developed and developing countries. The transition from less healthy eating patterns, combined with a sedentary lifestyle and constant exposure to ultra-processed foods , contributed to the spread of this problem. Childhood obesity rates vary by region and population, but in many places, the numbers are alarming and indicate a public health crisis.Importance of the Topic and Its Relevance to Public HealthChildhood obesity should not be underestimated as its implications go far beyond individual health concerns. It has a profound impact on communities, health systems and the broader economy. Obese children are at greater risk of becoming obese adults , increasing the chances of developing debilitating and costly chronic diseases. This puts a significant strain on healthcare systems, consuming valuable resources that could be allocated elsewhere.In addition, childhood obesity also influences social and emotional issues. Obese children often face discrimination, bullying and low self-esteem , which can hinder their psychosocial development. This can have lasting effects throughout life, affecting quality of life and productive participation in society.In light of these challenges, addressing childhood obesity has become a global priority. The need for effective preventive interventions, nutritional education programs, promotion of physical activity and changes in public policies is crucial to reverse this worrying trend. This book will explore these issues in detail, providing insights into the underlying causes, consequences , and multidisciplinary approaches that can be taken to tackle the childhood obesity epidemic comprehensively and effectively.

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  The Decision to Kill - A True...

  Leslie Ghiglieri

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  A family tragedy propels this gripping true crime debut as a mother searches for answers in the shocking murder of her husband—and conviction of her son. 
   
  In the early morning of October 18, 1986, Cherie Wier’s life collapses when her teenage son takes the life of her beloved husband. For years, Cherie grapples with events preceding and following the crime, struggling to overcome the consuming grief she suffers from her loss and the difficulty she faces as she attempts to forgive her son. The courtroom accounts of gruesome details and the shocking testimonies from experts, only add to Cherie’s yearning to make sense of the crime. She is tormented, wanting to know how and WHY this tragedy happened and if there was anything she could have done to prevent it . . .

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  Ludwig Wittgenstein - Philosophy...

  Anthony Gottlieb

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  The first biography in more than three decades of the Austrian-born thinker Ludwig Wittgenstein, one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century 
  According to the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951), philosophy is a “battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of language.” This audacious idea changed the way many of its practitioners saw their subject. In the first biography of Wittgenstein in more than three decades, Anthony Gottlieb evaluates this revolutionary idea, explaining the evolution of Wittgenstein’s thought and his place in the history of philosophy. 
  Wittgenstein was born into an immensely rich Viennese family but yearned to live a simple life, and he gave away his inheritance. After studying with Bertrand Russell in Cambridge, he wrote his famous Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus while serving in World War I. He then took several positions as a primary-school teacher in rural Austria before returning as a fellow to Cambridge, where a cultlike following developed around him. Wittgenstein worked not only as a philosopher and schoolteacher, but also as an aeronautical engineer in Manchester and as an architect in Vienna. 
  Gottlieb’s meticulously researched book traces the itinerant and troubled life of Wittgenstein, the development of his influential ideas, and the Viennese intellectual milieu and family background that shaped him.

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  Enslaved Native Americans and...

  D. Andrew Johnson

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  A compelling study into the history and lasting influence of enslaved Native people in early South Carolina. 
   
   
   
  In 1708, the governor of South Carolina responded to a request from London to describe the population of the colony. This response included an often-overlooked segment of the population: Native Americans, who made up one-fourth of all enslaved people in the colony. Yet it was not long before these descriptions of enslaved Native people all but disappeared from the archive. 
   
   
   
  In Enslaved Native Americans and the Making of Colonial South Carolina, D. Andrew Johnson argues that Native people were crucial to the development of South Carolina's economy and culture. By meticulously scouring documentary sources and creating a database of over 15,000 mentions of enslaved people, Johnson uses a uniquely interdisciplinary approach to reconsider the history of South Carolina and center the enslaved Native people who were forced to live and work on its plantations. Johnson also employs spatial analysis and examines archaeological evidence to study Native slavery in a plantation context.

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  Fewer Rules Better People - The...

  Barry Lam

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  A philosopher argues that the proliferation of rules and mandates is making us dumber, less moral, more deceptive, and less able to govern important institutions. 
   
   
   
  Wherever there's a rule, there is someone with the power to apply or ignore it—or add to it, in the interest of justice. From enforcing chores to issuing life sentences, decision-makers deliver flawed and sometimes arbitrary outcomes. But is their use of discretion good or bad overall? As a society, should we seek to minimize or maximize discretion, with all its potential for bias and other kinds of human error? 
   
   
   
  Reframing our understanding of justice and ethics, philosopher Barry Lam argues that while use of discretion—whether by a sports referee, a parent, a police officer, or a judge—can never be perfect, removing it has even more problematic effects. Mandatory arrests and sentencing laws have not eliminated bias, but have corrupted the courtroom, institutionalized lying, and brought about even more unjust and arbitrary results. Fewer Rules, Better People is a bold, riveting treatise that sheds new light on political debates about law and justice while aiming to prepare us for the imminent threat of more "perfect," discretion-less rule enforcement by AI.

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  Chinook Crew 'Chick' - Highs and...

  Liz McConaghy

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  Liz McConaghy spent a total of seventeen years flying with the RAF’s Chinook Fleet. Aged just 21, she was the youngest aircrew member to deploy to Iraq and was also the only woman on the Chinook wing for four years. In her astounding career, Liz McConaghy completed two deployments to Iraq followed by ten deployments to Helmand province in Afghanistan in support of the enduring Operation Herrick campaign. 
   
  Liz’s inspiringly honest story reveals the highs and lows that she witnessed at war, and the cost that came with that both, physically and mentally for those involved. During her deployments, she survived not only a near fatal wire strike onboard her CH47, but numerous enemy fire ‘contacts’ defending her crew by returning fire from both the M134 ‘Minigun’ and M60 weapons entrusted to her to operate. 
   
  Her biggest honor of all her duties, however, was serving on the Medical Emergency Response Team, or MERT, flying ambulance as it was more commonly known. This involved recovering wounded soldiers from the battlefield, often under fire, and witnessing them both die and indeed come back to life at her feet in the cabin of her Chinook. 
   
  Liz saw Camp Bastion grow from a barbed wire fence surrounding an area of tents in the sand to the huge Operating Base it became. She was also on the last 1310 Flight deployment there as the British forces withdrew 10 years later handing it back to the Afghan National Army. 
   
  Very few Chinook crew members, if any, spanned the length of time deployed as Liz McConaghy did. This is a genuinely unique tale that only Liz could tell, which ends with her battling the memories that haunted her, long after she had left the battlefield. Her own war within took her to the point of suicide once she had left the service. Her survival from both the battles in foreign lands and in her own head led her to begin telling her story, in the hope she can help others win their wars.

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