Outros livros que poderiam interessá-lo

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  Communism VS Capitalism - A...

  Arlo Holders

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  An economic system refers to the structure and methods a society uses to produce, distribute, and consume goods and services. It defines how resources are allocated, how wealth is distributed, and how economic decisions are made. Different societies have developed various economic systems over time, influenced by their unique historical, cultural, and political contexts. Among these systems, capitalism and communism are two of the most prominent and contrasting economic ideologies that have shaped the global landscape. 
  Capitalism is an economic system that operates on the principles of private ownership and free markets. In capitalism, individuals or businesses own the means of production and are free to make decisions regarding what to produce, how to produce it, and at what price to sell it. The market is driven by competition, and prices are determined by supply and demand. Profit motives incentivize innovation and efficiency, leading to economic growth and technological advancements. However, capitalism can also lead to inequality, as wealth tends to be concentrated among those who own the most resources, while others may struggle to access basic necessities. While the role of government in capitalism is typically limited, debates about regulation, social welfare, and economic justice persist. 
  In contrast, communism is an economic system grounded in collective ownership and centralized control. In a communist society, the means of production are owned by the state or collectively by the people, and wealth is distributed based on need rather than profit. Communism seeks to eliminate class distinctions, advocating for equality and fairness in wealth and resource distribution. The government plays a central role in planning and directing economic activities, including determining production levels and distribution of goods.

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  Our Nations and Nationalisms

  Owen Dudley-Edwards

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  'Nationalism' is an increasingly unpopular word. Few would apply the label of 'nationalist' to themselves, and fewer still to any part of our history before the 1700s. But then, where does it come from? And what does it mean for us today?
  With one eye on the present as he unpicks the past, Owen Dudley Edwards finds nationalism to be older than recorded history and broader than modern geography. Our Nations and Nationalisms traces the phenomena back as far as the Old Testament and the works of Homer and Virgil, through the attempts of Shakespeare and James VI & I to found the first British Union, and into the Celtic legends that helped form the identities held in the UK today. 
  Taking wide-ranging examples from ancient to modern, from home and abroad, Dudley Edwards interrogates nationalism in action, asking what it really is and how it has impacted upon all of our lives, wherever we live or were born
  This demonised word, he argues, is a fact of human nature. It may take a variety of forms, but we are all, in some sense, 'nationalists'; it is incumbent upon each of us to find ways to use this fact in the interests of humanity, and not a single nation. 

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  The Religion of American...

  Paul D. Miller

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  ECPA Top Shelf Award Winner
  Long before it featured dramatically in the 2016 presidential election, Christian nationalism had sunk deep roots in the United States. From America's beginning, Christians have often merged their religious faith with national identity. But what is Christian nationalism? How is it different from patriotism? Is it an honest quirk, or something more threatening?
  Paul D. Miller, a Christian scholar, political theorist, veteran, and former White House staffer, provides a detailed portrait of—and case against—Christian nationalism. Building on his practical expertise not only in the archives and classroom but also in public service, Miller unravels this ideology's historical importance, its key tenets, and its political, cultural, and spiritual implications.
  Miller shows what's at stake if we misunderstand the relationship between Christianity and the American nation. Christian nationalism—the religion of American greatness—is an illiberal political theory, at odds with the genius of the American experiment, and could prove devastating to both church and state. Christians must relearn how to love our country without idolizing it and seek a healthier Christian political witness that respects our constitutional ideals and a biblical vision of justice.

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  The Mind of the Minister -...

  Tom Browne

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  Britain's most important relationship, between civil servants and ministers, has reached breaking point. Drawing on interviews with former government ministers and Permanent Secretaries – including Vince Cable, Caroline Flint, Rory Stewart, Philip Rutnam, Simon McDonald and Una O'Brien – The Mind of the Minister provides expert guidance and recommendations for how this vital relationship can improve.
  Centuries of carefully built trust and mutual understanding have been undermined and strained in recent years, not least by mismanagement at the highest level, a scorched-earth approach to constitutional norms and the testing of civil service integrity. This relationship now needs urgent attention.
  Ministers, famously, begin the job with an hour's notice and often know little about the department they've landed in. They bring energy, drive and optimism for change, but over time, these ambitions can be drowned by reality, accountability and crises, as well as the distractions of promotion, demotion or a changing political landscape.
  Civil servants, on the other hand, serve the government of the day and remain in post while ministers come and go. They must be ready to adjust and impartially support a minister of any political persuasion or personality.
  How does this partnership really work in practice? How do both sides adjust to the different chapters in a ministerial lifespan? What happens if rule makers become rule breakers without repercussions? This compelling book lifts the curtain on the minister–civil servant partnership, highlighting that this crucial relationship must improve – for the sake of our democracy.

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  The Roman Senate - Politics and...

  Rogan Fish

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  The Roman Senate, one of the most enduring institutions in ancient history, traces its origins to the very foundation of Rome. Emerging during the early monarchy period, the Senate originally functioned as an advisory body to the king. According to Roman tradition, the Senate was established by Romulus, the legendary founder of Rome, who appointed one hundred of the most distinguished men, known as "patres," to serve as the initial senators. These men and their descendants formed the aristocratic class, later known as the patricians. The formation of the Senate marked the beginning of a political structure that would shape Roman governance for centuries. 
  The early Senate's primary role was to offer counsel to the king on matters of state. While its authority was limited under the monarchy, the Senate's influence grew as it represented the city’s elite and carried the weight of collective wisdom. Senators held their positions for life, symbolizing stability and continuity within the Roman state. The Senate's name itself, derived from the Latin word "senex" (meaning old man), emphasized the value placed on experience and elder leadership. During this period, the Senate did not possess legislative or executive power but acted as a stabilizing force, guiding the monarch through complex political and military decisions. 
  The transition from monarchy to republic in the late 6th century BCE marked a significant turning point for the Senate’s role. After the fall of the last Roman king, Tarquin the Proud, the Senate became more central to governance. The expulsion of the monarchy led to the establishment of the Roman Republic, where power was distributed more broadly among elected magistrates. The Senate, now composed mainly of patricians, gained considerable influence as a body that advised the newly formed consuls.

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  A Roving Eye - Selected Essays

  R.W. Johnson

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  R.W. Johnson's articles and essays travel far beyond Southern Africa, reaching readers across continents. Their appeal lies not only in their acuity but also in his exceptional range of subjects – political, historical and cultural. As a former Oxford don and a leading international commentator, Johnson remains unmatched as an interpreter of national and world events.
  Whether he's writing about politics in South Africa, Europe or the United States, the new space race, the leading personalities of our time, or even soccer, his views are always sharp, clear, deeply informed and original.
  These essays belong unmistakably to the tradition of George Orwell. Orwell aspired to make political writing an art form, but his finest essays – even those on seemingly trivial subjects such as boys' comics – revealed both a penetrating intelligence and remarkable breadth. Johnson's writing is similar in spirit: like Orwell's, his essays can be read consecutively or dipped into at random, each one offering something striking and original.
  The result is A Roving Eye, a book that is not just distinctive but truly unique, marked by depth, range, humanity and a rare sophistication.
  R.W. Johnson, author of 17 books and innumerable articles, attended schools in the UK and South Africa, did his first degree at the University of Natal and was then a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford. For 26 years he was a Fellow and Tutor at Magdalen College, Oxford and he remains a Fellow of the College. An expert in French, British, American and South African politics, his books have ranged over all these interests and for many years he also wrote for The (London) Times, Sunday Times, the London Review of Books, Le Monde Diplomatique and other titles in the international media. Johnson's writings have been widely praised and have often excited controversy. He is a master of the essay form and his essays have had a wide circulation. He is married to the Russian scholar, Irina Filatova, and they live in Cape Town.

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