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  Julio-Claudian Dynasty The: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  The importance of Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (or as he was known from birth, Gaius Octavius “Octavian” Thurinus) to the course of Western history is hard to overstate. His life, his rise to power, his political, and his social and military achievements all laid the foundations for the creation of an empire which would endure for almost five centuries, and whose traditions, laws, architecture and art continue to influence much of Europe and the world today. Octavian was the first true Roman Emperor, and the first man since the Etruscan Tarquins five centuries earlier to establish a successful hereditary ruling dynasty in what had been a proud Republic for over half a millennium.  
  Tiberius’s life soon became caught up with Augustus’s as the emperor worked to found and establish a dynasty, but it is unclear if Tiberius ever really wanted to be part of Augustus’s plans or inherit imperial power - Tiberius was known as a man who schemed and planned, but he was also a scholar and showed a marked desire throughout his life to retreat and escape the demands of power.  
  All of Rome’s poor rulers pale in comparison to Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, a young man remembered by posterity as Caligula. Given how bad some of Rome’s emperors were, it’s a testament to just how insane and reviled Caligula was that he is still remembered nearly 2,000 years later as the epitome of everything that could be wrong with a tyrant.  
  What makes Claudius such a surprisingly effective emperor, aside from his strange route to power, was that he was considered physically and mentally incompetent for political life. At the same time, Claudius managed to take the throne against the will of the Senate thanks to the support of the Praetorian Guard. 
  Claudius’s successor, Nero, ranks among the very worst of the Caesars, alongside the likes of mad Caligula, slothful Commodus, and paranoid Domitian.

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  Plato's Gorgias

  Plato

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  Gorgias of Leontini, a famous teacher of rhetoric, has come to Athens to recruit students, promising to teach them how to become leaders in politics and business. A group has gathered at Callicles' house to hear Gorgias demonstrate the power of his art. This dialogue blends comic and serious discussion of the best life, providing a penetrating examination of ethics. Is it better to suffer evil or to do evil?
   
  Is it better to do something wrong and avoid being caught or to be caught and punished? Is pleasure the same as goodness? As the characters in the dialogue pursue these questions, the foundations of ethics and the nature of the good life come to light.

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  Social Democracy 101: Jack...

  Shane Irvine, Alexander Irvine,...

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  In 1906, my great-grandfather Dr. Alexander Fitzgerald Irvine was the secretary of the Socialist Party of Connecticut and a fellow at Yale University where he taught studies in divinity. He sought to shed some light on the subject of social protection. He had first-hand experience as a reverend in the New Haven religious community. He became very aware of parishioner stealing and other forms of skulduggery used to acquire the most prosperous benefactors. He despised the practice of selectively seeking profitable parishioners while ignoring the plight of the downtrodden. He felt that this practice was in conflict with Jesus’ teachings. He thereafter invited Jack London to speak at Yale on the subject of socialism. This book is derivative of my great-grandfather's book, Jack London at Yale. 
  My great-grandfather further believed that, due to this hypocrisy involving the church’s duty to the poor, the government needed to take an active role in offering a hand up to those in need. He strongly advocated that it should not be assumed that the church and pity be the sole final resources for those in need, and the government needed to take an active role in providing social networks. 
  Health, education, and welfare are major barriers to entrepreneurial opportunity. Without forms of social democracy such as universal healthcare and education, the potential for mass enterprise is squandered. People are precluded by these basic economic barriers from reaching their potential. It is these issues that have continued to plague workers worldwide, and people of all persuasions and walks of life are affected by this ongoing class struggle. We need individualism and a free market society, and we also need it to be tamed with a fairness that, along with prosperity, provides protections for the vulnerable and opportunity for all. Health, education, and welfare are just as important as a strong military. All of them are forms of social democracy. 

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  Nationalized Politics -...

  Jamie L. Carson, Ryan D....

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  In the United States, politics has become increasingly nationalized in recent years as voter decision-making is now driven by partisan or national political forces rather than the attributes of individual candidates. Indeed, voters now seem more concerned with which of the two national parties will be in power across all levels of government as opposed to which candidate will represent them individually. 
   
   
   
  Nationalized Politics asks and answers the question, "how has nationalization influenced elections across different political eras?" Jamie L. Carson, Joel Sievert, and Ryan D. Williamson look at historical variation in nationalization through an analysis of congressional elections from 1840 to 2020. By examining roughly 180 years of elections, the authors leverage considerable differences in electoral competition, electoral rules, nationalization, polarization, and partisan advantage via the incumbency advantage. Moreover, Carson, Sievert, and Williamson employ a unique survey design to capture citizen attitudes toward the nationalization of politics to further consider the question of how nationalization is currently shaping politics. Providing a comprehensive history of US congressional elections, Nationalized Politics illustrates the roots of the current electoral landscape in the US.

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  The War after the War - A New...

  John Patrick Daly

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  The War after the War is a lively military history and overview of Reconstruction that illuminates the new war fought immediately after the American Civil War. This Southern Civil War was distinct from the American Civil War and fought between southerners for control of state governments. In the South, African American and white unionists formed a successful biracial coalition that elected state and local officials. White supremacist insurrectionaries battled with these coalitions and won the Southern Civil War, successfully overthrowing democratically elected governments. The repercussions of these political setbacks would be felt for decades to come. 
   
   
   
  With this book John Patrick Daly examines the political and racial battles for power after the Civil War, as white supremacist terror, guerrilla, and paramilitary groups attacked biracial coalitions in their local areas. The biracial coalition put up a brave fight against these insurrectionary forces, but the federal government offered the biracial forces little help. After dozens of battles and tens of thousands of casualties between 1865 and 1877, the Southern Civil War ended in the complete triumph of extremist insurrection and white supremacy. As the United States marks the 150th anniversary of the Southern Civil War, its lessons are more vital than ever.

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  Voyage of Peril: The Frozen...

  Gideon Thornwood

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  Voyage of Peril: The Frozen Adventures of the USS Jeannette 
  ⭐⭐ Simplified Audio Guide with Explanations Included ⭐⭐ 
  Are you passionate about tales of unyielding bravery against nature's harshest challenges and eager to comprehend every intricate detail of the USS Jeannette’s extraordinary journey? 
  Looking for an in-depth guide that goes beyond the surface and provides all necessary elements to fully grasp the significance of this historic voyage? 
  Search no further! 
  This guide serves as your ultimate companion for expanding your understanding, honing your analytical skills, and engaging in immersive experiences. With this, you're prepared for an enlightening journey. 
  Updated for the latest historical research. 
  Key features of this enriched guide 
  - Profound insights about the voyage and its historical context 
  - Detailed explanations of the USS Jeannette’s expedition 
  - Effective strategies for studying and appreciating the historic journey 
  Our guide distinguishes itself through comprehensive coverage, essential for gaining a thorough understanding of the event. Concepts aren't merely skimmed; they are explored with precision. 
  Designed with a clear structure and easy-to-understand language, our guide ensures smooth transitions between topics. Say goodbye to dense jargon and welcome clear, precise, and technically accurate content. 
  So, why wait? Click the BUY NOW button, secure your guide, and embark on your journey through the epic story of the USS Jeannette!

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