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  Slave Trade in Africa The: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  It was the sail that linked the continents of Africa and America, and thus it was also the sail that facilitated the greatest involuntary human migration of all time. The African slave trade is a complex and deeply divisive subject that has had a tendency to evolve according the political requirements of any given age, and is often touchable only with the correct distribution of culpability. It has for many years, therefore, been deemed singularly unpalatable to implicate Africans themselves in the perpetration of the institution, and only in recent years has the large-scale African involvement in both the Atlantic and Indian Ocean Slave Trades come to be an accepted fact. There can, however, be no doubt that even though large numbers of indigenous Africans were liable, it was European ingenuity and greed that fundamentally drove the industrialization of the Transatlantic slave trade in response to massive new market demands created by their equally ruthless exploitation of the Americas. 
  In time, the Atlantic slave trade provided for the labor requirements of the emerging plantation economies of the New World. It was a specific, dedicated and industrial enterprise wherein huge profits were at stake, and a vast and highly organized network of procurement, processing, transport and sale existed to expedite what was in effect a modern commodity market.  
  The East African Slave Trade on the other hand, or the Indian Ocean Slave Trade as it was also known, was a far more complex and nuanced phenomenon, far older, significantly more widespread, rooted in ancient traditions, and governed by rules very different to those in the western hemisphere. It is also often referred to as the Arab Slave Trade, although this, specifically, might perhaps be more accurately applied to the more ancient variant of organized African slavery.

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  A Call at 4 AM - Thirteen Prime...

  Amit Segal

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  The full and untold story of Israeli politics penned by one of Israel's most distinguished political journalists.In A Call at 4 AM, Israel’s top political journalist, Amit Segal, takes you inside the moments when history was decided in real time. From Golda Meir’s sleepless nights before the Yom Kippur War to Benjamin Netanyahu's power struggles during missile attacks, Segal uncovers the untold stories of war rooms, last-minute deals, and the relentless pressure of governing a country that never knows a quiet day.Through gripping storytelling and unprecedented access, Segal reveals how Israel's leaders navigate wars, terror waves, and global crises—while constantly fighting for their own political survival. What happens behind closed doors when a prime minister must decide whether to strike Iran? How do backroom betrayals and coalition battles shape military decisions? And why, in Israel, is every political crisis also a national emergency?Witty, fast-paced, and packed with revelations, A Call at 4 AM is the closest you'll ever get to standing in the prime minister's shoes when the phone rings—and the fate of Israel is on the line.

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  The Kubark Counterintelligence...

  Central Intelligence Agency

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  Released by the Freedom of Information Act. This document is a thorough description of how the CIA recommends interrogating a subject. To get the information that is needed there is nothing withheld short of torture. For example in "Threats and Fears," the CIA authors note that "the threat of coercion usually weakens or destroys resistance more effectively than coercion itself. The threat to inflict pain, for example, can trigger fears more damaging than the immediate sensation of pain." Under the subheading "Pain," the guidelines discuss the theories behind various thresholds of pain, and recommend that a subject's "resistance is likelier to be sapped by pain which he seems to inflict upon himself" such rather than by direct torture. The report suggests forcing the detainee to stand at attention for long periods of time. A section on sensory deprivations suggests imprisoning detainees in rooms without sensory stimuli of any kind, "in a cell which has no light," for example.

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  ACT Therapy Made Simple -...

  Jordan K. Bennett

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  Do your thoughts keep spiraling? Is anxiety, stress, or low mood taking over your daily life? 
  This practical guide to Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) gives you proven techniques to manage your emotions, break negative patterns, and start building a more fulfilling life. 
  Whether you’re facing panic attacks, depression, chronic pain, or obsessive thoughts, you’ll discover how to: 
  ✔️ Calm your mind with mindfulness-based strategies 
  ✔️ Use ACT’s six core processes to reduce emotional suffering 
  ✔️ Break free from anxious loops, fear-based reactions, and low self-worth 
  ✔️ Apply ACT to addiction recovery, trauma, OCD, weight loss, and more 
  ✔️ Develop psychological flexibility—the key to lasting change 
    
  Straightforward and science-backed, this audiobook is ideal for both personal healing and for professionals looking for actionable, evidence-based tools. 
  🎧 Start your journey with ACT Therapy Made Simple—and take back control of your mind, your mood, and your life.

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  History of Florence and of the...

  Niccolo Machiavelli

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  History of Florence and of the Affairs of Italy is an historical account by Niccolò Machiavelli. Toward the end of 1520, the Cardinal Giulio of Medici, later Pope Clement VII, offered Machiavelli the appointment to write a history of Florence. Although Machiavelli was reluctant to accept, accepting was his only way to regain the good graces of the Medici who had regained power and were in a position to offer him employment and protection. Doing the history also provided a way for Machiavelli’s views to become the “official” history of Florentine and Italian affairs. Once completed, the work was presented officially to Giulio, now Pope, in May of 1526.  (Summary adapted from Wikipedia by Karen Merline.) 
  Per Project Gutenberg, this text was taken from a Universal Classics Library edition, published in 1901 by W. Walter Dunne, New York and London. The translator was not named.

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  Gen X Pittsburgh - The Beehive...

  David Rullo

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  Beginning in the early 1990s, Pittsburgh's South Side neighborhood began to transform from the post-industrial morass it had been suffering for the last few decades. Artists began to rent empty apartments, what were once shot-and-a-beer bars became hip dive bars and entrepreneurs found inexpensive real estate to follow their visions. It was in this landscape that the Beehive Coffeehouse began to attract a new 90s alternative crowd.
  East Carson Street was soon home to not just coffeehouses but Slacker, Dee's Cafe, Culture Shop, Club Laga and the Lava Lounge. Across a bridge, in the university community of Oakland, The Upstage, Electric Banana and another Beehive catered to the new youth culture. Cappuccinos, thrift shop culture, grunge music, local alternative bands, artists, writers and creative denizens of all stripes would soon enter the city's collective conscious. The South Side Beehive though was where the night often began, and weekends ended.

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