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  Charity - The Heat of Generosity...

  Esther Jameson

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  Charity is more than just an act of giving; it is a profound expression of humanity’s compassion and interconnectedness. It goes beyond financial donations and extends to time, effort, and kindness. True charity is rooted in the desire to uplift others without expecting anything in return. It is an act of selflessness that fosters unity, strengthens communities, and creates a ripple effect of goodness in society. 
  Throughout history, generosity has been a defining trait of civilizations. Ancient cultures placed great emphasis on the duty to help the less fortunate, often tying charitable deeds to religious and moral obligations. From the communal support systems of indigenous tribes to the organized relief efforts of modern philanthropic institutions, the essence of charity has remained the same—helping those in need and making the world a better place. Whether through structured organizations or spontaneous acts of kindness, the spirit of giving has shaped societies and continues to do so today. 
  The impact of charity is not limited to the recipients alone. Studies have shown that giving has profound psychological and emotional benefits for the giver. The act of helping others releases endorphins, creating a sense of fulfillment and happiness. It also fosters a greater sense of purpose, reinforcing the idea that individuals have the power to make a difference, no matter how big or small their contributions may be. Many people who engage in charitable acts find themselves experiencing a deeper connection to their community, leading to a greater sense of belonging and overall well-being.

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  Bad Things - The Nature and...

  Neil Feit

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  Bad Things addresses various philosophical questions about the nature and moral relevance of harm. The most basic question is this: under what conditions does an event harm a given individual? Neil Feit focuses primarily on the metaphysics of harm, and he both defends and extends the counterfactual comparative account of harm. On this account, in its most basic form, an act or event harms an individual provided that she would have been better off if it had not occurred. The counterfactual comparative account is widely accepted but also widely criticized. Feit provides detailed and thorough responses to the most challenging objections. He argues that an adequate theory of harm should entail the counterfactual comparative account but also make room for a certain kind plural harm, where two or more events together harm an individual although neither one by itself is harmful. These harmful events are bad things, collectively, even if no single event is itself a bad thing. Feit sets out and defends a detailed account of plural harm, addressing issues about the magnitude and the time of the harm suffered by the victim. The primary focus of the book is on the metaphysics of harm, but issues concerning its normative or moral relevance are addressed.

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  Art of Receiving and Giving The:...

  D.C. Betty Martin, Robyn Dalzen

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  Why would most people endure unwanted or unsatisfying touch, rather than speak up for their own boundaries and desires? It’s a question with a myriad of answers – and one that Dr. Betty Martin has explored in her 40+ years as a hands-on practitioner, first as a chiropractor and later as a Somatic Sex Educator, Certified Surrogate Partner and Sacred Intimate. In her client sessions, she noticed a pattern wherein many clients would “allow” or go along with discomfort or unease rather than speak up for what they wanted or didn’t want. Betty discovered there was a major component missing for people -- the confidence that we have a choice about what is happening to us. 
  In her framework, “The Wheel of Consent®” Betty traces the fundamental roots of consent back to our childhood conditioning. As children, we are taught that to be “good” we must ignore our body’s discomfort and be compliant: to finish our food even if we’re full, to go to bed - even if we’re not tired, to let relatives hug and kiss us even if we don’t want to. We learn that our feelings don’t matter more than what is happening, and that we don’t have a choice but to go along, whether or not we want it. 
  As adults, this conditioning remains with us until we have an opportunity to unlearn it, which is why consent violations are often only called out after the violation has occurred - because we have not been taught or empowered to notice our boundaries, much less value or express our internal signals as the unwanted action is happening. 
  In this book, Betty guides the reader through the Wheel of Consent framework, and shares practices to help us recover the ability to notice what we want and set clear boundaries.

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  The Art of War

  Sun Tzu

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  The Art of War, literally The Laws of War by Master Sun is the most famous ancient Chinese treatise, dedicated to a military strategy and policy, written by Sun Tzu. The treatise by Sun Tzu influenced crucially on a whole military art of the East. Although it is the first treatise on the military art, it includes clearly expressed common principles of strategy as well as tactics. A special place in a military theoretical literature belongs to comments on Sun Tzu, the earliest of which appeared in the Han era (206-220 AD), and the new ones are still being created...The traditional story of Lao-Tzu is that he was a 6th-century B.C.E. philosopher and teacher in China. Indeed, his very name means 'Old Master.' Lao-Tzu was a keeper of records for the Zhou Dynasty while he also taught philosophy to any who would listen. One of these, purportedly, was the giant of Chinese philosophy, Confucius, who in his own writings speaks of meeting with Lao-Tzu. The Art of War is divided into 13 chapters:  Laying PlansWaging WarAttack by StratagemTactical DispositionsUse of EnergyWeak Points and StrongManeuvering an ArmyVariation of TacticsThe Army on the MarchClassification of TerrainThe Nine SituationsAttack by FireUse of Spies

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  The Dawn of Mind - How Matter...

  James Cooke PhD

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  Although consciousness is at the very center of who we are, its exact nature continues to confound modern science. From where does consciousness originate? At our core, are we material bodies or immaterial conscious minds? Many assume that consciousness is a product of our complex brains, a product of evolution—and yet, there is no evolutionary reason that a mechanical function of the brain should allow us to enjoy the beauty of a sunrise or become intoxicated with the smell of rain on dry earth. If consciousness is not the product of sophisticated human brains, might the nonhuman living world be conscious? If so, where does that place us in relation to the rest of life on Earth—and what does this imply about our domination and plundering of the natural world for resources? Dr. James Cooke is no stranger to intricate and existential questions such as these, and he confronts them head-on in his compelling, inventive, revolutionary new book, The Dawn of Mind: How Matter Became Conscious and Alive. Weaving together cutting-edge science and the contemplative insights that arise from mystical experience, as occurs with meditation and the emerging therapeutic paradigm of psychedelic medicine, Cooke radically redraws our understanding of what it truly means to be who we are.

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  Amorite Kingdoms The: The...

  Editors Charles River

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  As the Canaanites established themselves in most of the Levant and the Hurrians carved out space for themselves in northwestern Syria, a West Semitic ethnic group known as the Amorites entered Mesopotamia and Syria from the Arabian Desert. The movement of the Amorites and Hurrians coincided with the collapse of the Ur III Dynasty after 2004 BCE (Haywood 2005, 28), although it is not known for sure if the collapse of Ur III led to the movement of peoples, or if the movement at least partially led to the collapse. As the Ur III Dynasty grew weak internally, it could be that the Amorite attacks were a major factor in the destruction of the state. It must be stated, though, that it was the Elamites who ultimately delivered the coup de grace that brought Ur III to its knees. The more likely scenario is that the Amorites simply took advantage of the power vacuum that was created when Ur III collapsed. 
  The Amorites actually belonged to several sub-tribes and did not necessarily move in unison, but they did migrate in such large numbers that they were able to overwhelm much of Mesopotamia and northeastern Syria by about 1800 BCE. All of the notable political dynasties and city-states from this period – Babylon, Mari, Assyria, Eshnunna, and Yamhad – were established by ethnic Amorites, although only traces of the Amorite identity were retained. The Amorites accepted standard Mesopotamian and Syrian religious practices, utilized the Akkadian language and the cuneiform writing style extensively, and built monumental architecture based on the Sumerian and Akkadian styles. Some bands of Amorites did in fact retain their semi-nomadic lifestyle, but they often found their former kinsmen were not so tolerant of their wandering traditions. Some of the early sedentary Amorites used the still semi-nomadic Amorites as mercenaries in their armies, but they also often fought them and did whatever they could to keep them out of their boundaries.

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